Education

1996
Ph.D Analytical/Physical Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley
Thesis Title: “Protein Structural Elucidation with Electrospray Ionization Fourier-Transform Mass Spectrometry”. The research was carried out in the group of Professor Evan R. Williams, in the Department of Chemistry.

1991
B.A. Chemistry, Haverford College

1989 – 1990
Study Abroad program at the University of St. Andrews, St. Andrews, Scotland, UK

1987
Graduated from Redwood High School, Larkspur, CA.

Research Experience

1996 – 1998
Postdoctoral Fellow, Atmospheric/Environmental Chemistry, University of California, Riverside.

Research carried out in the laboratory of Professor Kimberly Prather, working with Aerosol Time-of-Flight Mass Spectrometry to understand the size and chemical composition of tropospheric aerosol particles in real time.

1990
Chevron Research and Technology Center, Analytical Chemistry

1989
Chevron Research and Technology Center, Analytical Chemistry

Field Studies

Biofuels and Biomaterials Laboratory Studies: University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN.

Measurements of combustion/heating of a variety of biological fuels were carried out, including ethanol/gasoline mixtures, biodiesel/diesel mixtures, corn and wood combustion in residential stoves, and meat cooking on a variety of appliances.

AEROWOOD: Roveredo, GR, Switzerland, November – December 2005

This experiment, one of many AEROWOOD campaigns, sought to measure the contribution of wood smoke and vehicle emissions to wintertime pollution in a narrow alpine valley.  The Carleton ATOFMS was brought to Switzerland for these measurements.

MS-ChAOS: Paul Scherrer Institute, Villigen AR Switzerland, October – November 2005

This experiment deployed 8 mass spectrometers to measure the chemical characteristics of the secondary organic aerosol formed in the smog chamber at the Paul Scherrer Institute. The Carleton ATOFMS was brought to Switzerland for these measurements.

Mercury Roadshow 3: Mt. Horeb, WI, August 2004 

This experiment continued the Mercury Roadshow experiments described below. Data was obtained with the ATOFMS and the real-time mercury instrument, co-located on a farm in rural Mt. Horeb, WI. This data will also be provided to the data mining team.

Mercury Roadshow 2/Data Mining: East St. Louis, MO, December 2003 – March 2004

This experiment followed on the Mercury Roadshow experiments in Colorado and Yellowstone National Park, and was carried out in collaboration with the University of Wisconsin-Madison Environmental Chemistry and Technology program (PI J. J. Schauer) and the United States Geological Survey, Middleton, WI office (PI D. Krabbenhoft) acquired real time speciated mercury data alongside real time particulate monitors, including Carleton College’s ATOFMS, to evaluate the speciation and transformation of anthropogenic mercury emissions in a polluted urban area. The assistance of Professor Jay R. Turner, Washington University, was invaluable in running the instrument. The data set will also be used to provide input into the data mining program being created by collaborators Musicant and Ramakrishnan.

Mercury Roadshow: Southwestern Colorado and Yellowstone National Park, August – September 2003

This experiment, organized by members of the University of Wisconsin-Madison Environmental Chemistry and Technology program (PI J. J. Schauer) and the United States Geological Survey, Middleton, WI office (PI D. Krabbenhoft) acquired real time speciated mercury data alongside real time particulate monitors, including Carleton College’sATOFMS and EC/OC monitors, to evaluate the speciation and transformation of anthropogenic and biogenic mercury emissions.

Atlanta ANARChE: Atlanta, GA, July – August 2002

The Atlanta Aerosol Nucleation and Real-time Characterization Experiment (ANARChE) included the two ATOFMS instruments in which Carleton has a stake, and was funded with a grant from the National Science Foundation to a collaborative team from the University of Minnesota Department of Mechanical Engineering and Carleton College. Studies of the ambient air were performed with the standard ATOFMS instrument ( Carleton College ) and a modified instrument which analyzed physically classified particles ( Carleton College and the University of Minnesota).

Diesel Engine Laboratory Study: University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, March – April 2002

The first field deployment of Carleton College’s ATOFMS instrument, funded with a grant from the National Science Foundation. The ATOFMS instrument was used to characterize the emissions from a laboratory-based diesel engine as a function of engine conditions. (Carleton College in collaboration with J. Schauer in the Environmental Technology and Chemistry Program at the University of Wisconsin, Madison.)

Automobile/Heavy Vehicle Emissions Characterization Study: Caldecott Tunnel, Berkeley, CA, July – August 2000

A return to the site of the 1997 study (mentioned below) to better characterize vehicle emissions on a single-particle basis, and to compare results with those obtained from multiple other instruments as well as vehicle fleet statistics. (Carleton College in collaboration with the University of California, Riverside.)

EPA/SOS SuperSite Study: Atlanta, GA, August 1999

The first of the EPA sponsored SuperSite locations, which brought together researchers from ~40 institutions to measure particulate matter in traditional and new ways, including the single-particle mass spectrometric methods. Goals are to establish rigorous method intercomparisons and to better understand particulate matter dynamics in a polluted urban area. ( Carleton College in collaboration with the University of California, Riverside.)

Automobile/Heavy Vehicle Emissions Characterization Study: California Air Resources Board Haagen-Smit Laboratory, El Monte, CA, July 1998

Sampling selected light and heavy-duty vehicles running under identical conditions on a chassis dynamometer, to obtain characteristic single-particle information for each vehicle type. Comparisons with bulk particulate matter analyses are also possible.

Automobile/Heavy Vehicle Emissions Characterization Study: Caldecott Tunnel, Berkeley, CA, November 1997

Extensive study employing a variety of instrumentation to characterize the emissions, on a single particle basis, of passenger cars versus heavy vehicles. Sampling in the air duct of a tunnel in which the vehicle types are significantly segregated and where traffic is operating under real-world conditions. Comparisons with bulk particulate matter analyses are also possible.

Southern California Ozone Study 97 (SCOS 97 – NARSTO): South Coast Air Basin, CA, Summer/Fall 1997

Extensive two-part study (~100 research groups participating) of the effects of meteorology and emissions on urban pollution, with a focus on photochemical smog and ozone levels, and particulate levels and reactivity.

Marine Aerosol Study: September/October 1996

Transport of marine aerosol through Long Beach, Fullerton, and Riverside, CA. Comparison of single-particle aerosol time-of-flight mass spectrometer to conventional aerosol measurement techniques. Study of heterogeneous gas-particle chemistry in ambient