Search Results
Your search for courses · during 24FA, 25WI, 25SP · meeting requirements for Quantitative Reasoning · returned 165 results
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AFST 220 Color, Class, and Status in Black America 6 credits
As a racial category and identity, “Black” is often treated in a homogenous, monolithic way, obscuring the internal diversity and inequality within the black population in the U.S. In this course, we consider the inequalities within black communities and the black population living in the U.S., historically and through to the present. “Colorism,” or skin tone stratification, represents one status linked to class and ranking in society; but does colorism matter more than other statuses to class? Class differences are in fact profound within black communities, and they are correlated to multiple social statuses–skin tone, immigrant status, national origin, and even political orientation. We will examine how these status, color, and class interact, and how they shape class relations and tensions, lived experience, and notions of authenticity (“blackness”) in everday life and popular culture. Course topics include the Black middle class; education; neighborhood segregation; gender and sexuality; and media representations and popular culture.
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AMST 215 Trains of Thought: Contemplating Local Commuter and Passenger Rail 6 credits
Meeting with mass-transit professionals, urban planners, and community organizers to discuss contemporary rail policy, students in this seminar will search local archives and develop public-facing informational materials about the Dan Patch Corridor, which passes through Northfield. This rail line was identified by MnDOT in 1998 as the most feasible southbound commuter-rail route for the Twin Cities. From 2002 until 2023, however, the state legislature prohibited it from further transportation studies. Meanwhile, grassroots rail advocates proposed reestablishing long-distance passenger service from Minneapolis to Kansas City. What are the arguments for and against reviving rail services? What does the community think?
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ARCN 101 The Human Story: Archaeology and the Anthropocene 6 credits
What are the origins of our species? How did our ancestors evolve in Africa and disperse to nearly every corner of the globe? How did people create tools and homes, transform landscapes, and build cities? What are the origins of art? Of agriculture? Of mass-transport and communication technologies? Writing is about 5000 years old, meaning over 99% of the human past (c. 4 million years) is documented only through the material record of fossils, artifacts, and environmental impacts. This course examines the material worlds of humanity, and how archaeology provides a unique, “big-picture” story of our shared past.
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ARCN 246 Archaeological Methods & Lab 6 credits
As a field that is truly interdisciplinary, archaeology uses a wide range of methods to study the past. This course provides a hands-on introduction to the entire archaeological process through classroom, field, and laboratory components. Students will participate in background research concerning local places of historical or archaeological interest; landscape surveying and mapping in GIS; excavation; the recording, analysis, and interpretation of artifacts; and the publication of results. This course involves real archaeological fieldwork, and students will have an opportunity to contribute to the history of the local community while learning archaeological methods applicable all over the world.
Sophomore priority
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ASTR 110 Introduction to Astronomy & Lab 6 credits
An introduction to current astronomy with an emphasis on how we know what we know. Topics include the solar system; the life cycles of stars; pulsars, quasars, and black holes; and the history and future fate of the universe. No mathematics background beyond high school algebra and trigonometry is assumed.
Extra time for evening observing
- Fall 2024, Winter 2025
- LS, Science with Lab QRE, Quantitative Reasoning
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ASTR 113 Observational Astronomy 3 credits
Theory and practice of basic techniques in observational and laboratory astronomy. Certain problems involve the use of the 16-inch and 8-inch telescopes.
- Fall 2024, Spring 2025
- LS, Science with Lab QRE, Quantitative Reasoning
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Student has completed any of the following course(s): ASTR 100 – Argument and Inquiry or ASTR 110 – Introduction to Astronomy & Lab or ASTR 127 – Topics in Modern Astrophysics or ASTR 232 – Astrophysics I or ASTR 233 – Astrophysics II or PHYS 228 – Atomic & Nuclear Physics & Lab or PHYS 232 – Astrophysics I or PHYS 233 – Astrophysics II with a grade of C- or better.
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ASTR 233 Astrophysics II 6 credits
A study of galactic and extragalactic astronomy with an emphasis on the physical principles underlying the observed phenomena. Topics include the structure and dynamics of the Milky Way Galaxy and other galaxies, the interstellar medium, quasars and active galaxies, clusters and superclusters, and cosmology.
- Spring 2025
- No Exploration QRE, Quantitative Reasoning
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Student has completed any of the following course(s): PHYS 228 – Atomic and Nuclear Physics and Lab or PHYS 231 – Analytical and Computational Mechanics with a grade of C- or better or equivalent.
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BIOC 301 Survey of Biochemistry 6 credits
This course applies the principles of chemistry to explore the molecular basis of biological processes. It provides students with a foundational knowledge of biochemistry, with an emphasis on the structure and function of biological macromolecules including nucleic acids and proteins. Topics include enzyme catalysis and kinetics, bioenergetics, and the organization and regulation of metabolic pathways. Biology majors must also complete BIOC 311 in order for BIOC 301 to count towards the Biology major.
- Fall 2024, Winter 2025
- No Exploration QRE, Quantitative Reasoning
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Student has completed any of the following course(s): BIOL 126 – Energy Flow of Biological Systems & Lab or equivalent and CHEM 224 – Principles of Chemistry II & Lab and CHEM 234 – Organic Chemistry II & Lab with a grade of C- or better.
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BIOL 125 Genes, Evolution & Development & Lab 6 credits
Emphasizes the role of genetic information in biological systems. Under this theme, we cover subjects from the molecular to the population levels of organization, including genetics, structure/function of DNA, gene expression and regulation, the changing genetic makeup of species as they evolve, and the development of individual organisms from zygotes. The active learning format of this course allows time in class to apply new concepts with faculty present. Students enter Carleton from a wide variety of academic experiences and our introductory courses are designed to provide a level playing field for students regardless of previous science background.
Sophomore Priority; Two seats held for Juniors and Seniors until the first day of sophomore registration.
- Fall 2024, Winter 2025, Spring 2025
- LS, Science with Lab QRE, Quantitative Reasoning
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BIOL 126 Energy Flow in Biological Systems and Lab 6 credits
Emphasizes the role of energy flow (acquiring, storing, and using energy) in biological systems. Under this theme, we cover subjects from the molecular to the population levels of organization, including structure/function of proteins and enzymes, transport of molecules within biological systems, and links between organismal physiology and ecosystem function. The active learning format of this course allows time in class to apply new concepts with faculty present. Students enter Carleton from a wide variety of academic experiences and our introductory courses are designed to provide a level playing field for students regardless of previous science background.
Sophomore Priority; Two seats held for Juniors and Seniors until the first day of sophomore registration.
- Winter 2025, Spring 2025
- LS, Science with Lab QRE, Quantitative Reasoning
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Student has completed any of the following course(s): CHEM 123 – Principles of Chemistry I, CHEM 124 – Principles of Chemistry I with Problem Solving or CHEM 128 – Principles of Environmental Chemistry with grade of C- or better or received a score of 4 or better on the Chemistry AP exam or received a score of 5 or better on the Chemistry IB exam.
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BIOL 210 Global Change Biology 6 credits
Environmental problems are caused by a complex mix of physical, biological, social, economic, political, and technological factors. This course explores how these environmental problems affect life on Earth by examining the biological processes underlying natural ecological systems and the effects of global environmental changes such as resources consumption and overharvesting, land-use change, climate warming, pollution, extinction and biodiversity loss, and invasive species.
Sophomore Priority
- Winter 2025
- No Exploration QRE, Quantitative Reasoning
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Student has completed any of the following course(s): One introductory science lab course with a grade of C- or better or equivalent.
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BIOL 234 Microbiology 6 credits
A study of the metabolism, genetics, structure, and function of microorganisms. While presented in the framework of the concepts of cellular and molecular biology, the emphasis will be on the uniqueness and diversity of the microbial world. The course integrates lecture and laboratory, and will fulfill requirements of a microbiology course with lab for veterinary or pharmacy schools.
Requires concurrent registration in BIOL 235
- Winter 2025
- LS, Science with Lab QRE, Quantitative Reasoning
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Student has completed the following courses: BIOL 125 – Genes, Evolution, and Development & Lab with a grade of C- or better or received a score of 5 or better on the Biology AP exam or received a score of 6 or better on the Biology IB exam AND BIOL 126 – Energy Glow in Biological Systems & Lab with a grade of C- or better or equivalents.
- BIOL 235
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BIOL 240 Genetics 6 credits
A study of the transmission of genetic information between generations of organisms, and of the mechanism of expression of information within an individual organism. The main emphasis will be on the physical and chemical basis of heredity; mutational, transmissional and functional analysis of the genetic material, and gene expression.
Sophomore Priority, requires concurrent registration in BIOL 241
- Winter 2025, Spring 2025
- No Exploration QRE, Quantitative Reasoning
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Student has completed the following courses: BIOL 125 – Genes, Evolution, and Development & Lab with a grade of C- or better or received a score of 5 or better on the Biology AP exam or received a score of 6 or better on the Biology IB exam AND BIOL 126 – Energy Glow in Biological Systems & Lab with a grade of C- or better or equivalents.
- BIOL 241
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BIOL 244 Biostatistics 3 credits
An introduction to statistical techniques commonly used in Biology. The course will use examples from primary literature to examine the different ways that biological data are organized and analyzed. Emphasis will be placed on how to choose the appropriate statistical techniques in different circumstances and how to use statistical software to carry out tests. Topics covered include variable types (categorical, parametric, and non-parametric), analysis of variance, generalized linear models, and meta-analysis. There will be an opportunity for students to analyze data from their own research experiences.
- Winter 2025
- FSR, Formal or Statistical Reasoning QRE, Quantitative Reasoning
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Student has completed any of the following course(s): BIOL 125 – Genes, Evolution, and Development & Lab with a grade of C- or better or received a score of 5 or better on the Biology AP exam or received a score of 6 or better on the Biology IB exam AND BIOL 126 – Energy Glow in Biological Systems & Lab with a grade of C- or better AND one 200 or 300 level BIOL course with a grade of C- or better.
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BIOL 272 Integrative Animal Physiology 6 credits
This course explores biological functions from the biochemical level to the level of the whole organism. We will start with the regulatory systems exploring the function of neural and endocrine mechanisms. We will discuss the actions of a variety of toxins as adaptive components of venoms and pharmaceutical tools in human health research. Other topics include: muscle physiology, exercise and behavior; blood pressure regulation; salt and water balance in organisms from different environments; comparative reproduction, including human reproductive development and sexuality.
- Fall 2024
- No Exploration QRE, Quantitative Reasoning
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Student has completed the following courses: BIOL 125 – Genes, Evolution, and Development & Lab with a grade of C- or better or received a score of 5 or better on the Biology AP exam or received a score of 6 or better on the Biology IB exam AND BIOL 126 – Energy Glow in Biological Systems & Lab with a grade of C- or better or equivalents.
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BIOL 280 Cell Biology 6 credits
An examination of the structures and processes that underlie the life of cells, both prokaryotic and eukaryotic. Topics to be covered include methodologies used to study cells; organelles, membranes and other cellular components; protein targeting within the cell; and cellular communication and division.
Concurrent registration in BIOL 281 required.
- Fall 2024
- No Exploration QRE, Quantitative Reasoning
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Student has completed the following courses: BIOL 125 – Genes, Evolution, and Development & Lab with a grade of C- or better or received a score of 5 or better on the Biology AP exam or received a score of 6 or better on the Biology IB exam AND BIOL 126 – Energy Glow in Biological Systems & Lab with a grade of C- or better or equivalents.
- BIOL 281
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BIOL 310 Immunology 6 credits
This course will examine the role of the immune system in defense, allergic reactions, and autoimmunity. Topics to be covered include the structure and function of antibodies, cytokines, the role of the major histocompatibility complex in antigen presentation, cellular immunity, immunodeficiencies, and current techniques used to study immune responses.
- Winter 2025
- No Exploration QRE, Quantitative Reasoning
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Student has completed any of the following course(s): BIOL 125 – Genes, Evolution, and Development & Lab with a grade of C- or better or received a score of 5 or better on the Biology AP exam or received a score of 6 or better on the Biology IB exam AND BIOL 126 – Energy Glow in Biological Systems & Lab with a grade of C- or better AND either BIOL 240 – Genetics or BIOL 280 – Cell Biology with a grade of C- or better.
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BIOL 332 Human Physiology 6 credits
Human Physiology seeks to understand the fundamental mechanisms responsible for the diverse functions of the body. Course topics include the function and regulation of the various physiological systems (nervous, circulatory, endocrine, excretory, respiratory, digestive, etc.), biochemistry, cellular physiology, homeostasis and acid-base chemistry. The study of human physiology provides the principal groundwork for internal medicine, pharmacology, and other related health fields. The laboratory includes a variety of experiments focusing on the function and regulation of the human body.
BIOL 333 required. Students should waitlist for BOTH 333 (lab) and 332 (lecture) to be considered for enrollment from either waitlist.
- Winter 2025
- No Exploration QRE, Quantitative Reasoning
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Student has completed the following courses: BIOL 125 – Genes, Evolution, and Development & Lab with a grade of C- or better or received a score of 5 or better on the Biology AP exam or received a score of 6 or better on the Biology IB exam AND BIOL 126 – Energy Glow in Biological Systems & Lab with a grade of C- or better or equivalents.
- BIOL 333
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BIOL 338 Genomics and Bioinformatics 6 credits
The advent of next-generation sequencing technology has revolutionized biology, enabling transformative breakthroughs in fields ranging from agriculture to conservation to medicine. In this course, students will gain experience with the computational and bioinformatics tools needed to analyze “big data,” including sequence searching and alignment, assembly, gene calling and annotation. Students will learn to ask and answer their own scientific questions using sequence data, and to critically assess the conclusions of other genomics and bioinformatics studies. No prior computer programming experience is required. Associated laboratory will focus on wet lab methods for DNA/RNA extraction and preparation as well as computational analysis.
Requires concurrent registration in Biology 339
- Fall 2024
- LS, Science with Lab QRE, Quantitative Reasoning
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Student has completed any of the following course(s): BIOL 125 – Genes, Evolution, and Development & Lab with a grade of C- or better or received a score of 5 or better on the Biology AP exam or received a score of 6 or better on the Biology IB exam AND BIOL 126 – Energy Glow in Biological Systems & Lab with a grade of C- or better AND either BIOL 240 – Genetics or BIOL 321 – Ecosystem Ecology or BIOL 350 – Evolution with a grade of C- or better.
- BIOL 339
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BIOL 350 Evolution 6 credits
Principles and history of evolutionary change in wild populations, with consideration of both microevolutionary and macroevolutionary time scales. Topics covered include causes of change in gene frequency, the nature of adaptation, constraints on evolutionary change, the evolution of genes and proteins, rates of speciation and extinction, and the major events in evolutionary history.
- Fall 2024
- No Exploration QRE, Quantitative Reasoning
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Student has completed the following courses: BIOL 125 – Genes, Evolution, and Development & Lab with a grade of C- or better or received a score of 5 or better on the Biology AP exam or received a score of 6 or better on the Biology IB exam AND BIOL 126 – Energy Glow in Biological Systems & Lab with a grade of C- or better or equivalents.
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BIOL 352 Population Ecology 6 credits
An investigation of the properties of populations and communities. Topics include population growth and regulation, life tables, interspecific and intraspecific competition, predation, parasitism, mutualism, the nature of communities, and biogeography. Expected preparation: previous experience with calculus is necessary, but no specific course is required. Statistics 120 or equivalent exposure to statistical analysis is recommended.
Requires concurrent registration in BIOL 353.
Recommended course: Statistics 120 or equivalent exposure to statistical analysis
- Spring 2025
- QRE, Quantitative Reasoning LS, Science with Lab
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Student has completed the following courses: BIOL 125 – Genes, Evolution, and Development & Lab with a grade of C- or better or received a score of 5 or better on the Biology AP exam or received a score of 6 or better on the Biology IB exam AND BIOL 126 – Energy Glow in Biological Systems & Lab with a grade of C- or better or equivalents.
- BIOL 353
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BIOL 363 Seminar: Ecomechanics 6 credits
All organisms, from Common loons to Redwood trees to Basking sharks spend much of their lives bumping up against forces associated with the non-biological world. The manner in which ecological challenges are solved (e.g., moving around vs. staying put, finding food, avoiding predators) is often related to an individual’s biomechanical design. This class will challenge students to view their physical surroundings from the perspective of an organism. How do mussels feed in a fast stream vs. stagnant pond? Why do healthy trees uproot rather than break in half? How can a sea urchin with no eyes “see”? We will use primary scientific literature to examine the physical principles that underlie fundamental ecological processes.
- Winter 2025
- No Exploration QRE, Quantitative Reasoning
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Student has completed any of the following course(s): BIOL 125 – Genes, Evolution, and Development & Lab with a grade of C- or better or received a score of 5 or better on the Biology AP exam or received a score of 6 or better on the Biology IB exam AND BIOL 126 – Energy Glow in Biological Systems & Lab with a grade of C- or better AND one 200 or 300 level BIOL course with a grade of C- or better.
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BIOL 365 Seminar: Topics in Neuroscience 6 credits
We will focus on recent advances in neuroscience. All areas of neuroscience (cellular/molecular, developmental, systems, cognitive, and disease) will be considered. Classical or foundational papers will be used to provide background.
Waitlist only
- Fall 2024
- No Exploration QRE, Quantitative Reasoning
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Student has completed the following courses: BIOL 125 – Genes, Evolution, and Development & Lab with a grade of C- or better or received a score of 5 or better on the Biology AP exam or received a score of 6 or better on the Biology IB exam AND BIOL 126 – Energy Glow in Biological Systems & Lab with a grade of C- or better or equivalents.
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BIOL 370 Seminar: Selected Topics in Virology 6 credits
An examination of selected animal viruses. The course will focus on the most recent developments in HIV-related research, including implications for HIV-treatment and vaccines and the impact of viral infection on the immune system of the host. In addition to studying the structure and replication of particular viruses we will also discuss the current laboratory techniques used in viral research.
- Spring 2025
- No Exploration QRE, Quantitative Reasoning
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Student has completed any of the following course(s): BIOL 240 – Genetics, or BIOL 280 – Cell Biology with grade of C- or better.
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BIOL 378 Seminar: The Origin and Early Evolution of Life 6 credits
The Earth formed four and a half billion years ago. Evidence suggests that within 700 million years, life had gained a foothold on this planet. We will delve into the primary literature to explore fundamental questions about the origin and evolution of life: How did life arise from non-life on the dynamic young Earth? Where on Earth did life begin? Did life only arise once? What did the first living organisms look like? What was the nature of our last universal common ancestor? How did life alter the planet on which it arose? Could life originate elsewhere in the cosmos?
- Spring 2025
- No Exploration QRE, Quantitative Reasoning
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Student has completed any of the following course(s): BIOL 125 – Genes, Evolution, and Development & Lab with a grade of C- or better or received a score of 5 or better on the Biology AP exam or received a score of 6 or better on the Biology IB exam AND BIOL 126 – Energy Glow in Biological Systems & Lab with a grade of C- or better AND one 200 or 300 level BIOL course with a grade of C- or better.
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BIOL 385 Seminar: Microbial Pathology 6 credits
Microbes are the most abundant organisms on earth, and microbial pathogens have caused human and plant disease epidemics worldwide. This course will focus upon the pathogenic strategy of a variety of well-studied microbes in order to illustrate our understanding of the molecular and cellular nature of microbial disease. We will analyze current and seminal papers in the primary literature focusing on mechanisms employed by microbes to attack hosts.
Waitlist only
- Fall 2024
- No Exploration QRE, Quantitative Reasoning
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Student has completed any of the following course(s): BIOL 125 – Genes, Evolution, and Development & Lab with a grade of C- or better or received a score of 5 or better on the Biology AP exam or received a score of 6 or better on the Biology IB exam AND BIOL 126 – Energy Glow in Biological Systems & Lab with a grade of C- or better AND either BIOL 240 – Genetics or BIOL 280 – Cell Biology with a grade of C- or better.
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CGSC 233 Laboratory in Cognitive Processes 2 credits
Cross-listed courses CGSC 233/PSYC 233. Students will participate in the replication and planning of empirical studies, collecting and analyzing data relevant to major cognitive phenomena. A grade of C- or better must be earned in both CGSC/PSYC 232 and 233 to satisfy the LS requirement.
Requires concurrent registration in PSYC 232 or CGSC 232
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CHEM 113 Concepts of Chemistry and Lab 6 credits
A one-term chemistry course designed for non-science majors. In this course we examine what gives rise to three-dimensional shapes of molecules and we explore how the structure and composition of molecules gives rise to chemical reactivity. Our goal is to understand readily observable phenomena (e.g. removal of grease by soap, storage of toxins in fat tissues, cancer, viruses, etc.). Topics include those of current global interest such as anthropogenic forces on the environment and energy producing technologies. The course includes one four-hour lab per week.
- Fall 2024
- LS, Science with Lab QRE, Quantitative Reasoning
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Not open to students that have taken any CHEM course EXCEPT CHEM 100 with a grade of C- or better.
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CHEM 122 Introduction to Chemistry 6 credits
An introduction to the fundamentals of chemistry to prepare students to enter subsequent chemistry courses (Chemistry 123 or 124). Atoms and molecules, stoichiometry, and gases will be covered in the course. Although learning through discovery-based processes, small groups, and short laboratory experimentation will occur, this is not a lab course and does not fulfill the requirements for medical school. This course assumes competence with simple algebra, but no prior chemistry experience.
Placement into Chemistry 122 using the self-administered Chemistry Placement Evaluation, Chemistry Home Page or permission of instructor. Students with high school chemistry will generally take Chemistry 123 or 124.
- Fall 2024
- No Exploration QRE, Quantitative Reasoning
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Student has received a score of 122 on the Carleton Chemistry Placement Exam.
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CHEM 123 Principles of Chemistry I & Lab 6 credits
An introduction to chemistry for students who have strong high school preparation in chemistry or who have taken Chemistry 122. Topics include the electronic structure of atoms, periodicity, molecular geometry, thermodynamics, bonding, equilibrium, reaction kinetics, and acids and bases. Each offering will also focus on a special topic(s) selected by the instructor. Students cannot receive credit for both Chemistry 123 and 124.
Placement into Chemistry 123 and 124 is determined by the Chemistry Placement Evaluation, see Chemistry Home Page for more details. Students cannot receive credit for both Chemistry 123 and 124
- Fall 2024, Winter 2025, Spring 2025
- LS, Science with Lab QRE, Quantitative Reasoning
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Student has completed any of the following course(s): CHEM 122 – Introduction to Chemistry with a grade of C- or better or received a score of 3 or better on the Chemistry AP exam or received a score of 123 on the Carleton Chemistry Placement exam. NOT open to students who have taken CHEM 128 – Principles of Environmental Chemistry and Lab or received a score of 4 or better on the Chemistry AP exam or received a score of 5 or better on the Chemistry IB exam. CHEM 123 and CHEM 124 are equivalent courses, if you have taken one you cannot register for the other.
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CHEM 124 Principles of Chemistry I with Problem Solving and Lab 6 credits
An introduction to chemistry for students who have strong high school preparation in chemistry or who have taken Chemistry 122. Topics include the electronic structure of atoms, periodicity, molecular geometry, thermodynamics, bonding, equilibrium, reaction kinetics, and acids and bases. Each offering will also focus on a special topic(s) selected by the instructor. Students may only receive credit for one of Chemistry 123, 124, and 128. This section of Chemistry with problem solving is periodically offered for students who wish to further develop their general analytical and critical thinking skills. The smaller section will have additional class meetings for problem solving and review. Chemistry 124 is appropriate for students who would like to have more scheduled time to work with a faculty member on developing their scientific reasoning skills and understanding of the foundations of chemistry.
Students may only receive credit for one of Chemistry 123, 124, and 128.
- Winter 2025
- LS, Science with Lab QRE, Quantitative Reasoning
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Student has completed any of the following course(s): CHEM 122 – Introduction to Chemistry with a grade of C- or better or received a score of 3 or better on the Chemistry AP exam or received a score of 123 on the Carleton Chemistry Placement exam. NOT open to students who have taken CHEM 128 – Principles of Environmental Chemistry and Lab or received a score of 4 or better on the Chemistry AP exam or received a score of 5 or better on the Chemistry IB exam. CHEM 123 and CHEM 124 are equivalent courses, if you have taken one you cannot register for the other.
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CHEM 224 Principles of Chemistry II & Lab 6 credits
A more advanced study of several core introductory chemistry principles. This course is suitable for students with advanced placement in chemistry or students who have completed Chemistry 123, 124 or 128. Topics include coordination chemistry, advanced bonding models, spectroscopy, advanced acid/base and redox equilibria, and electrochemistry. The topics will be taught from varying perspectives using examples from biochemistry, the environment, energy, or materials chemistry. The lab will focus on developing computational, quantitative, and synthetic skills and will prepare students for more advanced laboratory work in chemistry.
- Fall 2024, Winter 2025, Spring 2025
- LS, Science with Lab QRE, Quantitative Reasoning
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Student has completed any of the following course(s): CHEM 123 – Principles of Chemistry I, CHEM 124 – Principles of Chemistry I with Problem Solving or CHEM 128 – Principles of Environmental Chemistry with grade of C- or better or received a score of 4 or better on the Chemistry AP exam or received a score of 5 or better on the Chemistry IB exam.
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CHEM 233 Organic Chemistry I & Lab 6 credits
Theoretical aspects of carbon chemistry are examined with reference to structure-reactivity relationships, functional groups, stereochemistry, reaction mechanisms and spectroscopy. Laboratory work concentrates on modern techniques of organic chemistry, inquiry-based projects, and spectroscopic analysis. One laboratory per week.
- Fall 2024, Winter 2025
- LS, Science with Lab QRE, Quantitative Reasoning
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Student has completed any of the following course(s): CHEM 123 – Principles of Chemistry I, CHEM 124 – Principles of Chemistry I with Problem Solving or CHEM 128 – Principles of Environmental Chemistry with grade of C- or better or received a score of 4 or better on the Chemistry AP exam or received a score of 5 or better on the Chemistry IB exam.
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CHEM 234 Organic Chemistry II and Lab 6 credits
The chemistry of functional groups is continued from Chemistry 233, and is extended to the multifunctional compounds found in nature, in particular carbohydrates and proteins. The laboratory focuses upon inquiry-based projects and spectroscopic analysis. One laboratory per week.
- Winter 2025, Spring 2025
- LS, Science with Lab QRE, Quantitative Reasoning
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Student has completed any of the following course(s): CHEM 233 – Organic Chemistry I & Lab with grade of C- or better.
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CHEM 300.00 Chemistry Research 2 credits
An elective laboratory course involving mentored Chemistry research on a collaborative group project. The course involves regular scheduled class and laboratory meetings to introduce important topics and background literature relevant to the research, develop research strategies, and perform the project. The majority of the course will consist of laboratory research, with students submitting intermediate and final reports on their findings. This section will investigate the stereochemistry and sustainability of Suzuki cross coupling reactions.
Extra Time, Students admitted by application, waitlist only
- Spring 2025
- LS, Science with Lab QRE, Quantitative Reasoning
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Student has completed any of the following course(s): CHEM 224 – Principles Chemistry II & Lab and CHEM 234 – Organic Chemistry II & Lab with grade of C- or better.
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CHEM 301 Chemical Kinetics Laboratory 3 credits
A mixed class/lab course with one four-hour laboratory per week and weekly discussion/problem sessions. In class, the principles of kinetics will be developed with a mechanistic focus. In lab, experimental design and extensive independent project work will be emphasized.
Classroom sessions will be held at the listed time primarily during the first five weeks of the term. Laboratory sessions will occur during the listed period for the entire term.
- Fall 2024
- No Exploration QRE, Quantitative Reasoning WR2 Writing Requirement 2
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Student has completed any of the following course(s): CHEM 224 – Principles of Chemistry II & Lab AND CHEM 233 – Organic Chemistry I & Lab with a grade of C- or better AND MATH 120 – Calculus 2 with a grade of C- or better or received a score of 4 or better on the Calculus BC AP exam or equivalent.
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CHEM 302 Quantum Spectroscopy Laboratory 2 credits
This lab course emphasizes spectroscopic studies relevant to quantum chemistry, including experiments utilizing UV-VIS, infrared absorption spectroscopy, and visible emission spectroscopy.
Requires concurrent registration in CHEM 344
- Winter 2025
- No Exploration QRE, Quantitative Reasoning
- CHEM 344
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CHEM 306 Spectrometric Characterization of Chemical Compounds 2 credits
This combined lecture and lab course teaches students how to use modern spectrometric techniques for the structural characterization of molecules. Lectures will cover topics and problems in the theory and practical applications associated with GC-Mass Spectrometry, ESI-Mass Spectrometry, Infrared, and Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy (1H, 13C, and 2D experiments). Students will apply all of these techniques in the laboratory for the structural characterization of known and unknown molecules
Classroom and laboratory sessions will be held predominantly during the first five weeks of the term.
- Winter 2025
- No Exploration QRE, Quantitative Reasoning
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Student has completed any of the following course(s): CHEM 234 – Organic Chemistry II & Lab with grade of C- or better.
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CHEM 330 Instrumental Chemical Analysis 6 credits
This course covers the basic principles of quantitative instrumental chemical analysis. Course topics include chromatography, electroanalytical chemistry, analytical spectroscopy, and mass spectrometry. The background needed to understand the theory and application of these instrumental techniques will be covered. In addition, students will have the opportunity to explore current research in the field of analytical chemistry through the reading and presentation of articles from the primary literature.
Requires concurrent registration in Chemistry 331
- Winter 2025
- No Exploration QRE, Quantitative Reasoning
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Student has completed any of the following course(s): CHEM 224 – Principles of Chemistry II and Lab and CHEM 233 – Organic Chemistry I and Lab with a grade of C- or better.
- CHEM 331
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CHEM 331 Instrumental Chemical Analysis Laboratory 2 credits
This laboratory provides students with experience in using instrumental methods for quantitative chemical analysis. Laboratory work consists of several assigned experiments that use instrumental techniques such as liquid and gas chromatography, UV spectrophotometry and fluorometry, mass spectrometry, and voltammetry. This laboratory concludes with an instrumental analysis project that is researched and designed by student groups.
Requires concurrent registration in CHEM 330
- Winter 2025
- No Exploration QRE, Quantitative Reasoning
- CHEM 330
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CHEM 343 Chemical Thermodynamics 6 credits
The major topic is chemical thermodynamics, including the First and Second Laws, the conditions for spontaneous change, thermochemistry, and chemical equilibrium. To showcase how chemists utilize energy concepts to solve problems, thermodynamics will be regularly applied to a number of real-world examples and scientific problems.
- Fall 2024
- No Exploration QRE, Quantitative Reasoning
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Student has completed any of the following course(s): CHEM 123 – Principles of Chemistry I & Lab, CHEM 124 – Principles of Chemistry I with Problem Solving & Lab, or CHEM 128 – Principles of Environmental Chemistry & Lab or received a score of 4 or better on the Chemistry AP exam or received a score of 5 or better on the Chemistry IB exam AND MATH 120 – Calculus 2 or Math 211 – Multivariable Calculus or greater with a grade of C- or better or received a score of 4 on the Calculus BC exam AND 6 credits from Physics Courses 131 to 165 with a grade of C- or better or equivalent.
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CHEM 344 Quantum Chemistry 6 credits
This course introduces quantum mechanics with an emphasis on chemical and spectroscopic applications. The focus will be on atomic and molecular quantum behavior involving electrons, rotations, and vibrations. The objective is to develop both a deeper understanding of bonding as well as an appreciation of how spectroscopy provides insight into the microscopic world of molecules.
- Winter 2025
- No Exploration QRE, Quantitative Reasoning
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Student has completed any of the following course(s): CHEM 123 – Principles of Chemistry I & Lab, CHEM 124 – Principles of Chemistry I with Problem Solving & Lab, or CHEM 128 – Principles of Environmental Chemistry & Lab or received a score of 4 or better on the Chemistry AP exam or received a score of 5 or better on the Chemistry IB exam AND MATH 120 – Calculus 2 or Math 211 – Multivariable Calculus or greater with a grade of C- or better or received a score of 4 on the Calculus BC exam AND 6 credits from Physics Courses 131 to 165 with a grade of C- or better or equivalent.
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CHEM 348 Introduction to Computational Chemistry 6 credits
This class will introduce students to computational chemistry with a focus on simulations in chemistry and biology. This course will include hands-on experience in running classical molecular dynamics and quantum chemistry programs, an introduction to methods to simulate large systems, and demonstrations of the use of more sophisticated software to simulate chemical and biological processes. It will also include a survey of the current literature in this area, as well as lecture time in which the background necessary to appreciate this growing area of chemistry will be provided.
Requires concurrent registration in CHEM 349
- Spring 2025
- No Exploration QRE, Quantitative Reasoning
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Student has completed all of the following course(s): CHEM 343 – Chemical Thermodynamics, CHEM 344 – Quantum Chemistry with grade greater than or equal to C-
- CHEM 349
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CHEM 349 Computational Chemistry Laboratory 2 credits
Credit for the laboratory portion of Chemistry 348.
Requires concurrent registration in CHEM 348
- Spring 2025
- No Exploration QRE, Quantitative Reasoning
- CHEM 348
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CHEM 351 Inorganic Chemistry 6 credits
Symmetry, molecular orbital theory and ligand field theory will provide a framework to explore the bonding, magnetism and spectroscopic properties of coordination complexes. Topics in reactivity (hard and soft acids and bases), bioinorganic chemistry, reaction mechanisms, and organometallic chemistry, will also be introduced.
- Spring 2025
- No Exploration QRE, Quantitative Reasoning
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Student has completed any of the following course(s): CHEM 224 – Principles Chemistry II & Lab and CHEM 234 – Organic Chemistry II & Lab with grade of C- or better.
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CHEM 352 Laboratory in Advanced Inorganic Chemistry 2 credits
Synthesis, purification and spectroscopic characterization of transition-metal complexes with an emphasis on methods for preparing and handling air-sensitive compounds. One laboratory per week.
Previous or concurrent registration in CHEM 351
- Spring 2025
- No Exploration QRE, Quantitative Reasoning
-
Student has completed or is in the process of completing the following course(s): CHEM 351 – Inorganic Chemistry with grade of C- or better.
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CLAS 123 Greek Archaeology and Art 6 credits
This course explores the archaeology and art of the Ancient Greek world. Beginning with prehistory, we will track the development of the material culture of Ancient Greece through the Classical and Hellenistic periods, and conclude by discussing aspects of the Roman, Byzantine, and Ottoman empires that followed. We will focus throughout on aspects of archaeological practice, material culture and text, art and society, long-term social change, and the role of the past in the present.
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CLAS 214 Gender and Sexuality in Classical Antiquity 6 credits
In both ancient Greece and Rome, gender (along with class and citizenship status) largely determined what people did, where they spent their time, and how they related to others. This course will examine the ways in which Greek and Roman societies defined gender categories, and how they used them to think about larger social, political, and religious issues. Primary readings from Greek and Roman epic, lyric, and drama, as well as ancient historical, philosophical, and medical writers; in addition we will explore a range of secondary work on the topic from the perspectives of Classics and Gender Studies.
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CS 111 Introduction to Computer Science 6 credits
This course will introduce you to computer programming and the design of algorithms. By writing programs to solve problems in areas such as image processing, text processing, and simple games, you will learn about recursive and iterative algorithms, complexity analysis, graphics, data representation, software engineering, and object-oriented design. No previous programming experience is necessary.
- Fall 2024, Winter 2025, Spring 2025
- FSR, Formal or Statistical Reasoning QRE, Quantitative Reasoning
-
NOT open to students who have completed any of the following course(s): CS 201 or greater with a grade of C- or better.
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CS 200 Data Structures with Problem Solving 6 credits
Think back to your favorite assignment from Introduction to Computer Science. Did you ever get the feeling that “there has to be a better/smarter way to do this problem”? The Data Structures course is all about how to store information intelligently and access it efficiently. How can Google take your query, compare it to billions of web pages, and return the answer in less than one second? How can one store information so as to balance the competing needs for fast data retrieval and fast data modification? To help us answer questions like these, we will analyze and implement stacks, queues, trees, linked lists, graphs, and hash tables. This version of Data Structures includes extra class time to support students’ problem solving by meeting five days per week, and is encouraged for students who may have struggled in CS111 or otherwise believe they would benefit from extra support. This course fulfills all requirements of CS 201, and students should take only one of CS 200 or CS 201.
Not open to students who have taken CS 201. This course meets 5 days a week
- Winter 2025
- FSR, Formal or Statistical Reasoning QRE, Quantitative Reasoning
-
Student has completed any of the following course(s): CS 111 – Introduction to Computer Science with a grade of C- or better or a score of 4 or better on the Computer Science A AP exam or equivalent. Not open to students that have taken CS 201– Data Structures.
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CS 201 Data Structures 6 credits
Think back to your favorite assignment from Introduction to Computer Science. Did you ever get the feeling that “there has to be a better/smarter way to do this problem”? The Data Structures course is all about how to store information intelligently and access it efficiently. How can Google take your query, compare it to billions of web pages, and return the answer in less than one second? How can one store information so as to balance the competing needs for fast data retrieval and fast data modification? To help us answer questions like these, we will analyze and implement stacks, queues, trees, linked lists, graphs, and hash tables. Students who have received credit for a course for which Computer Science 201 is a prerequisite are not eligible to enroll in Computer Science 201.
- Fall 2024, Winter 2025, Spring 2025
- FSR, Formal or Statistical Reasoning QRE, Quantitative Reasoning
-
Student has completed any of the following course(s): CS 111 – Introduction to Computer Science with a grade of C- or better or a score of 4 or better on the Computer Science A AP exam or equivalent. Not open to students that have taken CS 200 – Data Structures with Problem Solving.
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CS 304 Social Computing 6 credits
The last decade has seen a vast increase in the number of applications that connect people with one another. This course presents an interdisciplinary introduction to social computing, a field of study that explores how computational techniques and artifacts are used to support and understand social interactions. We will examine a number of socio-technical systems (such as wikis, social media platforms, and citizen science projects), discuss the design principles used to build them, and analyze how they help people mobilize and collaborate with one another. Assignments will involve investigating datasets from online platforms and exploring current research in the field.
- Spring 2025
- FSR, Formal or Statistical Reasoning QRE, Quantitative Reasoning
-
Student has completed any of the following course(s): CS 200 – Data Structures with Problem Solving or CS 201 – Data Structures with a grade of C- or better or equivalent.
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CS 311 Computer Graphics 6 credits
Scientific simulations, movies, and video games often incorporate computer-generated images of fictitious worlds. How are these worlds represented inside a computer? How are they “photographed” to produce the images that we see? What performance constraints and design trade-offs come into play? In this course we learn the basic theory and methodology of three-dimensional computer graphics, including both triangle rasterization and ray tracing. Familiarity with vectors and matrices is recommended but not required.
- Spring 2025
- FSR, Formal or Statistical Reasoning QRE, Quantitative Reasoning
-
Student has completed any of the following course(s): CS 208 – Intro to Computer Systems with grade of C- or better.
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CS 314 Data Visualization 6 credits
Understanding the wealth of data that surrounds us can be challenging. Luckily, we have evolved incredible tools for finding patterns in large amounts of information: our eyes! Data visualization is concerned with taking information and turning it into pictures to better communicate patterns or discover new insights. It combines aspects of computer graphics, human-computer interaction, design, and perceptual psychology. In this course, we will learn the different ways in which data can be expressed visually and which methods work best for which tasks. Using this knowledge, we will critique existing visualizations as well as design and build new ones.
- Winter 2025
- FSR, Formal or Statistical Reasoning QRE, Quantitative Reasoning
-
Student has completed any of the following course(s): CS 200 – Data Structures with Problem Solving or CS 201 – Data Structures with a grade of C- or better or equivalent.
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CS 322 Natural Language Processing 6 credits
Computers are poor conversationalists, despite decades of attempts to change that fact. This course will provide an overview of the computational techniques developed in the attempt to enable computers to interpret and respond appropriately to ideas expressed using natural languages (such as English or French) as opposed to formal languages (such as C++ or Lisp). Topics in this course will include parsing, semantic analysis, machine translation, dialogue systems, and statistical methods in speech recognition.
- Fall 2024
- FSR, Formal or Statistical Reasoning QRE, Quantitative Reasoning
-
Student has completed any of the following course(s): CS 200 – Data Structures with Problem Solving or CS 201 – Data Structures AND CS 202 – Mathematics of Computer Science or MATH 236 – Mathematical Structures with a grade of C- or better or equivalent. MATH 236 will be accepted in lieu of Computer Science 202.
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CS 344 Human-Computer Interaction 6 credits
The field of human-computer interaction addresses two fundamental questions: how do people interact with technology, and how can technology enhance the human experience? In this course, we will explore technology through the lens of the end user: how can we design effective, aesthetically pleasing technology, particularly user interfaces, to satisfy user needs and improve the human condition? How do people react to technology and learn to use technology? What are the social, societal, health, and ethical implications of technology? The course will focus on design methodologies, techniques, and processes for developing, testing, and deploying user interfaces.
- Winter 2025
- FSR, Formal or Statistical Reasoning QRE, Quantitative Reasoning
-
Student has completed any of the following course(s): CS 200 – Data Structures with Problem Solving or CS 201 – Data Structures with a grade of C- or better or equivalent.
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CS 364 Computational Modeling and Simulation of Natural Systems 6 credits
Computational models have become a fundamental part of how we make sense of the world, doing everything from economic forecasting to simulating the birth of the universe. But we need to understand how to use models effectively. In this class we’ll explore computational models used across many disciplines, including: agent-based models to prevent forest fires, compartmental models to protect endangered species, N-body models to track the spread of germs from a sneeze, and more. We’ll learn about what problems are (and are not) suited for computational modeling and engage with extensive datasets to evaluate and refine models for practical use.
- Fall 2024
- FSR, Formal or Statistical Reasoning QRE, Quantitative Reasoning
-
Student has completed any of the following course(s): CS 200 – Data Structures with Problem Solving or CS 201 – Data Structures with a grade of C- or better or equivalent.
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DGAH 110 Hacking the Humanities 6 credits
The digital world is infiltrating the academy and profoundly disrupting the arts and humanities, posing fundamental challenges to traditional models of university education, scholarly research, academic publication and creative production. This core course for the Digital Arts & Humanities minor introduces the key concepts, debates and technologies that shape DGAH, including text encoding, digital mapping (GIS), network analysis, data visualization, 3D imaging and basic programming languages. Students will learn to hack the humanities by making a collaborative, publishable DH project, while acquiring the skills and confidence necessary to actively participate in the digital world, both in college and beyond.
- Winter 2025
- HI, Humanistic Inquiry QRE, Quantitative Reasoning
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ECON 110 Principles of Macroeconomics 6 credits
This course gives students a foundation in the general principles of economics as a basis for effective citizenship and, when combined with 111, as a preparation for all advanced study in economics. Topics include analysis of the measurement, level, and distribution of national income; the concepts of inflation and depression; the role and structure of the banking system; fiscal and monetary stabilization techniques; implications of and limits to economic growth; and international economic relations.
- Fall 2024, Winter 2025, Spring 2025
- QRE, Quantitative Reasoning SI, Social Inquiry
-
Not open to students who have completed any of the following exams: AP Macroeconomics exam with a score of 5 or better or IB Economics exam with a score of 6 or better.
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ECON 111 Principles of Microeconomics 6 credits
This course gives the students a foundation in the general principles of economics as a basis for effective citizenship and, when combined with 110, as a preparation for all advanced study in economics. Topics include consumer choice theory; the formation of prices under competition, monopoly, and other market structures; the determination of wages, profits, and income from capital; the distribution of income; and an analysis of policy directed towards problems of public finance, pollution, natural resources, and public goods.
- Fall 2024, Winter 2025, Spring 2025
- QRE, Quantitative Reasoning SI, Social Inquiry
-
Note open to students who have completed any of the following exams: AP Microeconomics exam with a score of 5 or better or IB Economics exam with a score of 6 or better.
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ECON 240 Microeconomics of Development 6 credits
This course explores household behavior in developing countries. We will cover areas including fertility decisions, health and mortality, investment in education, the intra-household allocation of resources, household structure, and the marriage market. We will also look at the characteristics of land, labor, and credit markets, particularly technology adoption; land tenure and tenancy arrangements; the role of agrarian institutions in the development process; and the impacts of alternative politics and strategies in developing countries. The course complements Economics 241.
- Winter 2025
- QRE, Quantitative Reasoning SI, Social Inquiry IS, International Studies
-
Student has completed any of the following course(s): ECON 111 – Principles of Microeconomics with a grade of C- or better or has received a score of 5 on the AP Microeconomics test or a score of 6 or better on the IB Economics test.
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ECON 244 Gender and Ethnicity in Latin American Economic Development 6 credits
Latin America has the highest level of inequality in the world, undergirded by significant ethnic and gender inequalities. The course will analyze key gender issues such as the feminization of poverty, female labor force participation and violence against women. We will also investigate how men can contribute to promoting gender equality and how public policy can promote healthy—rather than toxic—masculinities. We will explore what development means for indigenous peoples in the Americas, analyze different ways of measuring development with identity, and delve into how to promote better health and educational outcomes for indigenous peoples, in collaboration with indigenous communities and in ways that respect their worldview. This course is designed to be a combination of topics and tools. You will be equipped with a few useful tools from the economist’s toolkit, including using randomized controlled trials to measure the effectiveness of public policy and deploying nudges inspired by behavioral science to change behaviors in quick and low-cost fashion.
- Fall 2024
- IS, International Studies QRE, Quantitative Reasoning SI, Social Inquiry
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Student has completed any of the following course(s): ECON 111 – Principles of Microeconomics with a grade of C- or better or has received a score of 5 on the AP Microeconomics test or a score of 6 or better on the IB Economics test.
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ECON 264 Health Care Economics 6 credits
This course will focus on the economics of medical care and how health care markets and systems work. We will consider both private health insurance markets and publicly provided social health insurance. The changes which demography, technology and the Affordable Health Care Act are bringing to health care delivery will be examined. Some time will be devoted to understanding the health care systems in other countries. This is a discussion course.
- Winter 2025
- QRE, Quantitative Reasoning SI, Social Inquiry
-
Student has completed any of the following course(s): ECON 111 – Principles of Microeconomics with a grade of C- or better or has received a score of 5 on the AP Microeconomics test or a score of 6 or better on the IB Economics test.
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ECON 265 Game Theory and Economic Applications 6 credits
Game theory is the study of purposeful behavior in strategic situations. It serves as a framework for analysis that can be applied to everyday decisions, such as working with a study group and cleaning your room, as well as to a variety of economic issues, including contract negotiations and firms’ output decisions. In this class, modern game theoretic tools will be primarily applied to economic situations, but we will also draw on examples from other realms.
- Spring 2025
- QRE, Quantitative Reasoning SI, Social Inquiry
-
Student has completed any of the following course(s): ECON 111 – Principles of Microeconomics with a grade of C- or better or has received a score of 5 on the AP Microeconomics test or a score of 6 or better on the IB Economics test.
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ECON 267 Behavioral Economics 6 credits
This course introduces experimental economics and behavioral economics as two complementary approaches to understanding economic decision making. We will study the use of controlled experiments to test and critique economic theories, as well as how these theories can be improved by introducing psychologically plausible assumptions to our models. We will read a broad survey of experimental and behavioral results, including risk and time preferences, prospect theory, other-regarding preferences, the design of laboratory and field experiments, and biases in decision making.
- Winter 2025
- QRE, Quantitative Reasoning SI, Social Inquiry
-
Student has completed any of the following course(s): ECON 110 – Principles of Macroeconomics with a grade of C- or better or received a score of 5 on the Macroeconomics AP exam AND ECON 111 – Principles of Microeconomics with a grade of C- or better or received a score of 5 on the Microeconomics AP exam OR has received a score of 6 or better on the Economics IB exam.
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ECON 269 Economics of Climate Change 6 credits
This course studies the relationship between climate change, government policy, and global markets. It explores the historical relationship between economic growth and greenhouse gasses, the cost-benefit analysis of policies aimed at reducing greenhouse gas emissions, and the potential for adaptation to climate change. Through readings, discussions, and case studies, students will gain a deep understanding of the economic implications of climate change and the policies that can be used to mitigate its effects. By the end of the course, students will have developed a critical understanding of the complex relationship between economics and climate change and will be equipped to engage in meaningful discussions and analysis of this pressing global issue.
- Spring 2025
- QRE, Quantitative Reasoning SI, Social Inquiry
-
Student has completed any of the following course(s): ECON 110 – Principles of Macroeconomics with a grade of C- or better or received a score of 5 on the Macroeconomics AP exam AND ECON 111 – Principles of Microeconomics with a grade of C- or better or received a score of 5 on the Microeconomics AP exam OR has received a score of 6 or better on the Economics IB exam.
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ECON 270 Economics of the Public Sector 6 credits
This course provides a theoretical and empirical examination of the government’s role in the U.S. economy. Emphasis is placed on policy analysis using the criteria of efficiency and equity. Topics include rationales for government intervention; analysis of alternative public expenditure programs from a partial and/or general equilibrium framework; the incidence of various types of taxes; models of collective choice; cost-benefit analysis; intergovernmental fiscal relations.
- Spring 2025
- QRE, Quantitative Reasoning SI, Social Inquiry WR2 Writing Requirement 2
-
Student has completed any of the following course(s): ECON 110 – Principles of Macroeconomics with a grade of C- or better or received a score of 5 on the Macroeconomics AP exam AND ECON 111 – Principles of Microeconomics with a grade of C- or better or received a score of 5 on the Microeconomics AP exam OR has received a score of 6 or better on the Economics IB exam.
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ECON 271 Economics of Natural Resources and the Environment 6 credits
This course focuses on environmental economics, energy economics, and the relationship between them. Economic incentives for pollution abatement, the industrial organization of energy production, optimal depletion rates of energy sources, and the environmental and economic consequences of alternate energy sources are analyzed.
- Winter 2025
- QRE, Quantitative Reasoning SI, Social Inquiry
-
Student has completed any of the following course(s): ECON 111 – Principles of Microeconomics with a grade of C- or better or has received a score of 5 on the AP Microeconomics test or a score of 6 or better on the IB Economics test.
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ECON 274 Labor Economics 6 credits
Why do some people choose to work and others do not? Why are some people paid higher wages than others? What are the economic benefits of education for the individual and for society? How do government policies, such as subsidized child care, the Earned Income Tax Credit and the income tax influence whether people work and the number of hours they choose to work? These are some of the questions examined in labor economics. This course will focus on the labor supply and human capital decisions of individuals and households.
- Spring 2025
- QRE, Quantitative Reasoning SI, Social Inquiry
-
Student has completed any of the following course(s): ECON 110 – Principles of Macroeconomics with a grade of C- or better or received a score of 5 on the Macroeconomics AP exam AND ECON 111 – Principles of Microeconomics with a grade of C- or better or received a score of 5 on the Microeconomics AP exam OR has received a score of 6 or better on the Economics IB exam.
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ECON 275 Law and Economics 6 credits
Legal rules and institutions influence people’s behavior. By setting acceptable levels of pollution, structuring guidelines for contract negotiations, deciding who should pay for the costs of an accident, and determining punishment for crimes, courts and legislatures create incentives. How do economic considerations factor into legal rules, and how do laws affect economic output and distribution? In this class, we use court cases, experiments, and current legal controversies to explore such issues.
- Fall 2024
- QRE, Quantitative Reasoning SI, Social Inquiry WR2 Writing Requirement 2
-
Student has completed any of the following course(s): ECON 111 – Principles of Microeconomics with a grade of C- or better or has received a score of 5 on the AP Microeconomics test or a score of 6 or better on the IB Economics test.
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ECON 276 Money and Banking 6 credits
This course examines the role of money and monetary institutions in determination of income, employment, and prices in the domestic and world economies. It also examines the role of commercial banking and financial markets in a market-based economy.
- Winter 2025
- QRE, Quantitative Reasoning SI, Social Inquiry
-
Student has completed any of the following course(s): ECON 110 – Principles of Macroeconomics with a grade of C- or better or received a score of 5 on the Macroeconomics AP exam AND ECON 111 – Principles of Microeconomics with a grade of C- or better or received a score of 5 on the Microeconomics AP exam OR has received a score of 6 or better on the Economics IB exam.
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ECON 280 International Trade 6 credits
A study of international trade theories and their policy implications. Classical and neo-classical trade models, the gains from trade, the terms of trade and the distribution of income, world trade patterns, international factor movements, tariffs, and the impact of commercial policy on developing and developed countries are analyzed.
- Spring 2025
- QRE, Quantitative Reasoning SI, Social Inquiry
-
Student has completed any of the following course(s): ECON 111 – Principles of Microeconomics with a grade of C- or better or has received a score of 5 on the AP Microeconomics test or a score of 6 or better on the IB Economics test.
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ECON 281 International Finance 6 credits
This course studies theories of the multi-faceted interaction between the balance of international payments and foreign exchange market and the general levels of domestic prices, employment and economic activity. Topics include the balance of payments, foreign exchange markets, adjustment mechanisms in international payments, macroeconomic policies for internal and external balance, and international monetary systems.
- Fall 2024
- QRE, Quantitative Reasoning SI, Social Inquiry
-
Student has completed any of the following course(s): ECON 110 – Principles of Macroeconomics with grade of C- or better or has scored a 5 on the Macroeconomics AP exam or has scored a 6 or better on the Economics IB exam.
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ECON 285 Computational Economics 6 credits
This course is an introduction to the use of computational methods for the analysis of economic models. After becoming familiar with the programming environment, we will explore the application of computational methods to constrained optimization, econometric estimation, and calibrating, solving, and simulating static and dynamic economic models.
Previous elective courses involving mathematical modeling in economics recommended.
- Fall 2024
- QRE, Quantitative Reasoning SI, Social Inquiry
-
Student has completed any of the following course(s): ECON 110 – Principles of Macroeconomics with a grade of C- or better or received a score of 5 on the Macroeconomics AP exam AND ECON 111 – Principles of Microeconomics with a grade of C- or better or received a score of 5 on the Microeconomics AP exam OR has received a score of 6 or better on the Economics IB exam.
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ECON 329 Econometrics 6 credits
This course is an introduction to the statistical methods used by economists to test hypotheses and to study and quantify economic relationships. The course emphasizes both econometric theory and practical application through analysis of economic data sets using statistical software. Prior experience with R is strongly encouraged. Topics include two-variable and multiple regression, interval estimation and hypothesis testing, discrete and continuous structural change, parameter restrictions, model construction, experimental design, issues of functional specification, model overfitting and underfitting, heteroscedasticity, autocorrelation, and multicollinearity.
- Fall 2024, Winter 2025
- QRE, Quantitative Reasoning SI, Social Inquiry
-
Student must have completed any of the following course(s): ECON 110 – Principles of Macroeconomics or received a score of 5 or better on the Macroeconomics AP exam AND ECON 111 – Principles of Microeconomics or received a score of 5 or better on the Microeconomics AP exam OR received a score of 6 or better on the Economics IB exam. AND MATH 101 – Calculus with Problem Solving or MATH 111 – Introduction to Calculus or greater or received a a score of 4 or better on the Calculus AB AP exam or received a score of 4 or better on the Calculus BC AP exam or received a score of 6 or better on the Mathematics IB exam AND either STAT 120 – Introduction to Statistics or STAT 250 – Introduction to Statistical Inference with a grade of C- or better or received a score of 4 or better on the Statistics AP exam or equivalents.
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ECON 330 Intermediate Price Theory 6 credits
An analysis of the forces determining relative prices within the framework of production and distribution. This class is normally taken by juniors. Sophomores considering enrolling should speak to the instructor.
- Fall 2024, Spring 2025
- QRE, Quantitative Reasoning SI, Social Inquiry
-
Student must have completed any of the following course(s): ECON 110 – Principles of Macroeconomics with a grade of C- or better or received a score of 5 or better on the Macroeconomics AP exam AND ECON 111 – Principles of Microeconomics with a grade of C- or better or received a score of 5 or better on the Microeconomics AP exam OR received a score of 6 or better on the Economics IB exam AND MATH 101– Calculus with Problem Solving or MATH 111 – Introduction to Calculus with a grade of C- or better or received a score of 4 or better on the Calculus AB AP exam or received a score of 4 or better on the Calculus BC AP exam or received a score of 5 or better on the Calculus IB exam.
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ECON 331 Intermediate Macro Theory 6 credits
Analysis of the forces determining the general level of output, employment, and prices with special emphasis on the role of money and on interest rate determination. This class is normally taken by juniors. Sophomores considering enrolling should speak to the instructor.
- Winter 2025, Spring 2025
- QRE, Quantitative Reasoning SI, Social Inquiry
-
Student must have completed any of the following course(s): ECON 110 – Principles of Macroeconomics or received a score of 5 or better on the Macroeconomics AP exam AND ECON 111 – Principles of Microeconomics or received a score of 5 or better on the Microeconomics AP exam OR received a score of 6 or better on the Economics IB exam. AND MATH 101 – Calculus with Problem Solving or MATH 111 – Introduction to Calculus or greater or received a a score of 4 or better on the Calculus AB AP exam or received a score of 4 or better on the Calculus BC AP exam or received a score of 6 or better on the Mathematics IB exam AND either STAT 120 – Introduction to Statistics or STAT 250 – Introduction to Statistical Inference with a grade of C- or better or received a score of 4 or better on the Statistics AP exam or equivalents.
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ECON 395.01 Advanced Topics in Macroeconomics and Finance 6 credits
The seminar will explore contemporary approaches to the analysis of the macroeconomy and financial markets. Topics include tests of micro-founded models of consumer, worker, firm, and investor behavior; the analysis of business cycles and the dynamic response of the macroeconomy to exogenous shocks; proximate and fundamental theories of long-run growth across countries; and the design and effects of stabilization policies.
- Fall 2024
- QRE, Quantitative Reasoning SI, Social Inquiry WR2 Writing Requirement 2
-
Student has completed any of the following course(s): ECON 329 – Econometrics and ECON 330 – Intermediate Price Theory and ECON 331 – Intermediate Macro Theory with a grade of C- or better.
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ECON 395.02 Advanced Topics in Applied Microeconomics 6 credits
The seminar focuses on the advanced microeconomic analysis of real-world economic data. Through discussion of research papers and hands-on data analysis projects, we will explore techniques such as panel data analysis, instrumental variables, differences-in-differences, and regression discontinuity designs. Throughout the course we will focus on the application of these techniques to economic issues such as the effects of school quality, minimum wages, expansion of Medicaid, stock-price news event studies, and others according to student interest. A major goal of the course is to prepare students to write a COMPS research prospectus as required for the Economics major.
- Fall 2024
- QRE, Quantitative Reasoning SI, Social Inquiry WR2 Writing Requirement 2
-
Student has completed any of the following course(s): ECON 329 – Econometrics and ECON 330 – Intermediate Price Theory and ECON 331 – Intermediate Macro Theory with a grade of C- or better.
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ENTS 232 Research Methods in Environmental Studies 3 credits
This course covers various methodologies that are used to prosecute interdisciplinary academic research relating to the environment. Among the topics covered are: identification of a research question, methods of analysis, hypothesis testing, and effective rhetorical methods, both oral and written.
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ENTS 289 Climate Change and Human Health 6 credits
This course will survey the relationship between climate change and human health. The course will begin by exploring the science of the Earth’s climate before turning to an exploration of topics that illuminate the intimate relationship between climate change and human health. These include short-lived climate forcers and the climate and health impact of mitigation measures, extreme heat/drought, mosquito-borne diseases, indoor air pollution/biomass combustion/cookstoves, and biodiversity conservation.
- Fall 2024
- QRE, Quantitative Reasoning SI, Social Inquiry
-
Student has completed any of the following course(s): BIOL 125 – Genes, Evolution and Development & Lab or BIOL 126 – Energy Flow in Biological Systems & Lab or CHEM 123 – Principles of Chemistry I & Lab or CHEM 124 – Principles of Chemistry I with Problem Solving & Lab or CHEM 128 – Principles of Environmental Chemistry & Lab or one 100 Level Geology course or 6 credits of Physics from courses 131-165 with a grade of C- or better or received a score of 5 or better on the Biology AP exam or received a score of 6 or better on the Biology IB exam.
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GEOL 125 Introduction to Field Geology & Lab 6 credits
This course introduces fundamental principles of geology and geological reasoning using the geology of southern Minnesota as a guide. Weather permitting, much of the classroom and lab time will be spent outdoors at nearby sites of geological interest. Using field observations, descriptions, data-gathering and interpretation, supplemented by lab work and critical reading, students will piece together the most important elements of the long and complex geologic history of southern Minnesota. Field trips, including one or two all-day weekend trips, and laboratories included.
Extra time, weekend field trips.
- Fall 2024
- LS, Science with Lab QRE, Quantitative Reasoning
-
Not open to students who have taken another 100-level Geology course.
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GEOL 215 Paleoclimate & Lab 6 credits
This course focuses on reconstructing climate and environmental conditions of the past using local archives of climate. Lab and some class time will be dedicated to group research projects. Weekly laboratories and one Saturday field trip included.
Extra time for one Saturday field trip
- Winter 2025
- LS, Science with Lab QRE, Quantitative Reasoning
-
Student has completed any of the following course(s): One 100-Level GEOL course with grade of C- or better.
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GEOL 240 Geophysics and Lab 6 credits
This applied geophysics course focuses on understanding the near-surface structure of the Earth using a hand-on approach. Students will collect, process, model, and interpret geophysical data using gravitational, magnetic, and seismic methods. Weekly laboratories and one weekend field trip will be required.
Extra time for weekend field trip
- Spring 2025
- LS, Science with Lab QRE, Quantitative Reasoning
-
Student must have completed any of the following course(s): one 100-level GEOL course and one 100-level PHYS course with grade of C- or better
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GEOL 370 Geochemistry of Natural Waters & Lab 6 credits
The main goal of this course is to introduce and tie together the several diverse disciplines that must be brought to bear on hydrogeochemical problems today. This course will explore: principles of geochemistry, applications of chemical thermodynamics to geologic problems, mineral solubility, stability diagrams, chemical aspects of sedimentary rocks, geochemical tracers, radiogenic isotopes and principles of stable isotope fractionation. Laboratories included.
- Fall 2024
- LS, Science with Lab QRE, Quantitative Reasoning WR2 Writing Requirement 2
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Student has completed any of the following course(s): Chemistry 123 – Principles of Chemistry with a grade of C- or better or received a score of 4 or better on the Chemistry AP exam or received a score of 5 or better on the Chemistry IB exam.
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HIST 209 Slavery in the Atlantic World 6 credits
This course explores the history of enslavement in the Atlantic World, including West Africa, South America, the Caribbean, North America, and Europe. The course examines the intersecting themes of power, labor, law, race, gender, sexuality, and resistance. It will consider how these themes each shaped the construction of different institutions of enslavement while simultaneously focusing on the experiences of the enslaved who lived and died within in these systems. Using a comparative methodology, we will ask canonical questions, such as what constitutes a slave society and which forms did resistance, rebellion, and revolution by enslaved people take.
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HIST 231 Mapping the World Before Mercator 6 credits
This course will explore early maps primarily in medieval and early modern Europe. After an introduction to the rhetoric of maps and world cartography, we will examine the functions and forms of medieval European and Islamic maps and then look closely at the continuities and transformations in map-making during the period of European exploration. The focus of the course will be on understanding each map within its own cultural context and how maps can be used to answer historical questions. We will work closely with the maps in Gould Library Special Collections to expand campus awareness of the collection.
Extra time is required for a one-time map show in the library which we will schedule at the beginning of term.
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HIST 233 The Byzantine World and Its Neighbors, 750-ca. 1453 6 credits
The Byzantine world (eighth-fifteenth centuries) was a zone of fascinating tensions, exchanges, and encounters. Through a wide variety of written and visual evidence, we will examine key features of its history and culture: the nature of government; piety and religious controversy; art and music; the evolving relations with the Latin West, Armenia, the Slavic North and West, and the Dar al-Islam (the Abbasids and Seljuk and Ottoman Turks); gender; economic life; and social relations.Extra Time for special events and a group project (ecumenical council).
Extra Time for special events and a group project (ecumenical council).
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HIST 245 Ireland: Land, Conflict and Memory 6 credits
This course explores the history of Ireland from Medieval times through the Great Famine, ending with a look at the Partition of Ireland in 1920. We examine themes of religious and cultural conflict and explore a series of English political and military interventions. Throughout the course, we will analyze views of the Irish landscape, landholding patterns, and health and welfare issues. Finally, we explore the contested nature of history and memory as the class discusses monuments and memory production in Irish public spaces.
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IDSC 100.01 Games and Gaming Cultures 6 credits
In this seminar, we will use games (both by studying them and by playing them) as a lens through which we can explore all manner of fascinating questions. How do the games we play shape our culture and our communities? What makes a game fun, engaging, addictive, boring, brutal, or banal? How can games encourage certain kinds of behavior, even after we’ve stopped playing them? Could we make Carleton itself a bit better–or at least more fun–if we gamified certain aspects of life here? To aid our exploration, we’ll draw on readings from multiple genres and employ a variety of research methods to analyze games from social, textual, and design perspectives. This course will also include weekly lab sessions on Wednesday evenings (6:15-8:30PM). Students will be required to attend at least eight out of ten lab sessions.
Held for new first year students. Extra time required for evening meetings
- Fall 2024
- AI/WR1, Argument & Inquiry/WR1
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Student is a member of the First Year First Term class level cohort. Students are only allowed to register for one A&I course at a time. If a student wishes to change the A&I course they are enrolled in they must DROP the enrolled course and then ADD the new course. Please see our Workday guides Drop or 'Late' Drop a Course and Register or Waitlist for a Course Directly from the Course Listing for more information.
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IDSC 100.02 Measured Thinking: Reasoning with Numbers about World Events, Health, Science and Social Issues 6 credits
This interdisciplinary course addresses one of the signal features of contemporary academic, professional, public, and personal life: a reliance on information and arguments involving numbers. We will examine how numbers are used and misused in verbal, statistical, and graphical form in discussions of world events, health, science, and social issues.
Held for new first year students
- Fall 2024
- AI/WR1, Argument & Inquiry/WR1 QRE, Quantitative Reasoning
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Student is a member of the First Year First Term class level cohort. Students are only allowed to register for one A&I course at a time. If a student wishes to change the A&I course they are enrolled in they must DROP the enrolled course and then ADD the new course. Please see our Workday guides Drop or 'Late' Drop a Course and Register or Waitlist for a Course Directly from the Course Listing for more information.
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IDSC 100.03 Civil Discourse in a Troubled Age 6 credits
As we listen to people discussing critical issues facing individuals, communities, countries and the planet, what do we see happening? Is communication occurring? Do the sides hear each other and seek to understand another point of view, even if in disagreement? Is the goal truth or the best policy or victory for a side? What skills, approaches, and conditions lead to genuine discussion and productive argument? How can we cultivate these as individuals and communities? This Argument and Inquiry seminar addresses these questions in both theory and practice by allowing students the opportunity to read, view, discuss, and analyze theoretical discussions and case studies drawn from the past and present on a range of controversial topics.
Held for new first year students
- Fall 2024
- AI/WR1, Argument & Inquiry/WR1
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Student is a member of the First Year First Term class level cohort. Students are only allowed to register for one A&I course at a time. If a student wishes to change the A&I course they are enrolled in they must DROP the enrolled course and then ADD the new course. Please see our Workday guides Drop or 'Late' Drop a Course and Register or Waitlist for a Course Directly from the Course Listing for more information.
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IDSC 100.04 Data Storytelling 6 credits
From dubious statistical claims on social media to biometric tracking on our phones, we are constant consumers and producers of data, often without knowing it. More data about ourselves and our world is available than ever before, but how do we make sense of it? What good is it? Should we be collecting it at all? We will read and discuss how data is used in tech, education, medicine, activism, and more, to convince, confuse, and mislead the public. Students will learn how to think critically about numbers in the world around them, work with data, and tell compelling stories.
Only students eligible for TRIO should select this course. If you apply to TRIO but are not admitted, you will be allowed to change your course selection. TRIO Student Support Services is a program that serves U.S. citizens and permanent residents who meet established income requirements, are first-generation in college, and/or who have a documented disability.
- Fall 2024
- AI/WR1, Argument & Inquiry/WR1 QRE, Quantitative Reasoning
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Student is a member of the First Year First Term class level cohort. Students are only allowed to register for one A&I course at a time. If a student wishes to change the A&I course they are enrolled in they must DROP the enrolled course and then ADD the new course. Please see our Workday guides Drop or 'Late' Drop a Course and Register or Waitlist for a Course Directly from the Course Listing for more information.
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LING 219 Sociophonetic Analysis 6 credits
This course introduces participants to sociophonetics, a field of study that weds theories of phonetics (the study of the science of speech) to the methodological approaches of sociolinguistics, and which examines the relationships between linguistic variation and speaker identity. Participants consider the acoustic characteristics of vowels, consonants, and prosody; the variation that occurs across these; and how this variation impacts the production and perception of speech. Working with natural speech data, participants learn to use Praat to assess articulatory variation, and contextualize their findings against the backdrop of previous sociophonetic literature.
Not open to students who have taken LING 117 previously
- Winter 2025
- QRE, Quantitative Reasoning SI, Social Inquiry
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Not open to students that have taken LING 117 – Sociophonetics.
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LING 319 Sociolinguistic Field Methods 6 credits
Participants in this course learn how to design and conduct sociolinguistic research, with a focus on the varieties of English spoken in Minnesota. After an introduction to the quantitative sociolinguistic methods used to obtain large data sets of naturalistic speech (publicly available data, online questionnaires, individual and group interviews, and ethnography), participants design studies investigating the status of a phonetic or phonological linguistic variable typically attributed to regional Englishes. The course culminates in a pilot study assessing the status of these variables in the speech of Minnesotans.
- Spring 2025
- QRE, Quantitative Reasoning SI, Social Inquiry
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Student has completed any of the following course(s): LING 217 – Phonetics & Phonology or LING 219 – Sociophonetic Analysis with grade of C- or better.
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MATH 100.00 Exploring Climate through Data and Models 6 credits
Climate change is a complex process that spans multiple scales of time and space, from local extreme weather events lasting a few days to global glacial cycles that unfold over one hundred thousand years. Given this complexity, how do we quantify, understand, and predict Earth’s changing climate? Students in this course will build skills in analyzing datasets and mathematical models as we explore this question. Activities will include calculation-based problems that use algebra and spreadsheets, readings with discussion, and training in writing for both technical and broad audiences.
Held for new first year students. Requires concurrent registration in IDSC 198
- Fall 2024
- AI/WR1, Argument & Inquiry/WR1 QRE, Quantitative Reasoning
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Student is a member of the First Year First Term class level cohort and is enrolled in the FOCUS Colloquium. Students are only allowed to register for one A&I course at a time. If a student wants to change this A&I course they must contact the Registrar's Office.
- IDSC 198
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MATH 295.00 Numerical Differential Equations 6 credits
An introduction to numerical methods to compute approximate solutions of differential equations. Material will be selected from a range of topics such as error analysis, numerical differentiation, Euler and Runge-Kutta methods, predictor-corrector methods, boundary value problems, and curve fitting. Applications to other subjects such as physics, chemistry, ecology, epidemiology and neuroscience will be covered. Programming experience is not required.
- Fall 2024
- FSR, Formal or Statistical Reasoning QRE, Quantitative Reasoning
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Student has completed any of the following course(s): MATH 134 – Linear Algebra with Applications or MATH 232 – Linear Algebra with a grade of C- or better or equivalent.
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MUSC 204 Theory II: Musical Structures 6 credits
An investigation into the nature of musical sounds and the way they are combined to form rhythms, melodies, harmonies, and form. Topics include the nature of musical pitch, the structure of musical scales and their influence on melody, what gives rise to a sense of tonality, the complexity of rhythmic patterns, and the architecture of musical form. Student work includes building a musical instrument, programming a drum machine, writing computer code to create harmonies and timbres, and an extended music analysis project using empirical methods. Prerequisite: MUSC 101 or permission of instructor as assessed by a diagnostic exam administered at the start of the term.
Prerequisite: Music 101, or permission of the instructor as assessed by a diagnostic exam administered at the start of the term
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MUSC 227 Perception and Cognition of Music 6 credits
Covers basic issues in auditory perception and cognition with an emphasis on the perception of musical pitch, including sensory discrimination, categorical perception, roughness and dissonance, absolute pitch, and auditory streaming. Other topics to be covered include the processing of language and music, and emotional responses to music. A grade of C- or better must be earned in both Music 227 and 228 to satisfy the LS requirement.
A grade of C- or better must be earned in both MUSC 227 & 228 to staisfy the LS requirement.
- Spring 2025
- LS, Science with Lab QRE, Quantitative Reasoning
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Student has completed any of the following course(s): One MUSC 100, 200 or 300 Level Course not including Lesson or Ensemble courses OR one PSYC 100, 200, 300 Level Course with a grade of C- or better.
- MUSC 228
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MUSC 228 Perception and Cognition of Music Lab 2 credits
An introduction to the methods of experimental and observational research in music perception and cognition. Student teams will replicate/extend classic experiments in music perception, which will involve reviewing historical and current literature, creating stimuli, running experimental trials, performing statistical analyses of data, and giving a poster presentation of their results.
A grade of C- or better must be earned in both MUSC 227 & 228 to satisfy the LS requirement.
- Spring 2025
- LS, Science with Lab QRE, Quantitative Reasoning
- MUSC 227
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NEUR 127 Foundations in Neuroscience and Lab 6 credits
This course is an introduction to basic neural function. Topics include neural transmission, development of the nervous system, anatomy, sensory systems, learning and the corresponding change in the brain, and the role of the nervous system in behavior. Team-based learning will be used to understand the experiments that shape current knowledge.
- Fall 2024, Winter 2025
- LS, Science with Lab QRE, Quantitative Reasoning
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NEUR 238 Neurons, Circuits and Behavior 6 credits
Neurons are the building blocks of the nervous system. Molecular and cellular neuroscience seeks to understand the fundamental principles that govern how neurons function, how they communicate with each other, and how they assemble into circuits that generate behavior. This course focuses on the molecular and cellular basis of nervous system function from the level of genes and molecules to neural circuits and behavior. We will take an integrative approach to examine the genetic, molecular and cellular mechanisms that underlie neuronal communication, the molecular basis of sensation and innate behaviors, neural plasticity, and nervous system disorders. This course will emphasize the experimental evidence and techniques that have built our understanding of the molecular and cellular basis of behavior through team-based learning, analysis of primary literature papers and laboratory experimentation. A grade of C- or better must be earned in both Neuroscience 238 and 239 to satisfy the LS requirement.
- Spring 2025
- LS, Science with Lab QRE, Quantitative Reasoning
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Student must have completed and of the following course(s): NEUR 127 – Foundations Neuroscience and Lab or BIOL 125 – Genes Evolution and Development with grade of C- or better or received a score of 5 on the Biology AP exam or received a score of 6 or better on the Biology IB exam or equivalent.
- NEUR 239
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PHYS 131 Introduction to Physics: Newtonian Mechanics and Lab 3 credits
A traditional introduction to classical mechanics using the Newtonian worldview. The kinematics and dynamics of some simple systems are investigated using Newton’s laws, vector analysis, and the conservation laws of momentum and energy. Comfort with algebra and the integration and differentiation of elementary functions is assumed. Weekly laboratory work.
1st 5 Weeks
- Fall 2024
- LS, Science with Lab QRE, Quantitative Reasoning
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Student has completed or in the process of completing any of the following course(s): MATH 101 – Calculus with Problem Solving or MATH 111 – Introduction to Calculus or equivalents or greater or has received a score of 4 or better on the Calculus AB AP exam or has received a score of 4 or better on the Calculus BC AP exam or has received a score of 5 or better on the Calculus IB exam or equivalent AND has NOT taken PHYS 142 – Matter and Interactions and Lab, PHYS 143 – Physical Systems: Mechanics and Relativity and Lab, PHYS 144 – Astrophysical Systems: Mechanics and Relativity and Lab or PHYS 145 – Mechanics and Waves and Lab.
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PHYS 142 Physical Systems: Mechanics and Relativity with Problem Solving and Lab 6 credits
This course begins with an introduction to classical mechanics using the Newtonian worldview. Descriptions of motion and change in motion of some simple systems at human speeds are investigated using Newton’s laws, vector analysis, and the conservation laws of momentum and energy. The course moves beyond the Newtonian framework to consider a relativistic framework where time and space are intertwined and explores the motion of objects whose speeds approach the speed of light. Comfort with algebra and the integration and differentiation of elementary functions is assumed. Weekly laboratory work. This section of introductory physics with problem solving is periodically offered for students who wish to further develop their general analytical and critical thinking skills. The smaller section will have additional class meetings for problem solving and review. PHYS 142 is appropriate for students who would like to have more scheduled time to work with a faculty member on developing their scientific reasoning skills and understanding of the foundations of physics.
- Spring 2025
- LS, Science with Lab QRE, Quantitative Reasoning
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Student has completed completed any of the following course(s): MATH 101 – Calculus with Problem Solving or MATH 111 – Introduction to Calculus or greater with a grade of C- or better or received a score of 4 or better on the Calculus AB AP Exam or received a score of 4 or better on the Calculus BC AP exam or has received a score of 5 or better on the Calculus IB exam or equivalents AND has NOT taken PHYS 131 – Introduction to Physics: Newtonian Mechanics and Lab , PHYS 144 – Astrophysical Systems: Mechanics and Relativity and Lab, PHYS 145 – Mechanics and Waves and Lab or PHYS 151 – Introduction to Physics: Relativity and Particles and Lab. PHYS 142 and PHYS 143 are equivalent courses, if you have taken one you cannot register for the other.
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PHYS 143 Physical Systems: Mechanics and Relativity and Lab 6 credits
This course begins with an introduction to classical mechanics using the Newtonian worldview. Descriptions of motion and change in motion of some simple systems at human speeds are investigated using Newton’s laws, vector analysis, and the conservation laws of momentum and energy. The course moves beyond the Newtonian framework to consider a relativistic framework where time and space are intertwined and explores the motion of objects whose speeds approach the speed of light. Comfort with algebra and the integration and differentiation of elementary functions is assumed. Weekly laboratory work.
Combined content of PHYS 131 and PHYS 151
- Winter 2025
- LS, Science with Lab QRE, Quantitative Reasoning
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Student has completed completed any of the following course(s): MATH 101 – Calculus with Problem Solving or MATH 111 – Introduction to Calculus or greater with a grade of C- or better or received a score of 4 or better on the Calculus AB AP Exam or received a score of 4 or better on the Calculus BC AP exam or has received a score of 5 or better on the Calculus IB exam or equivalents AND has NOT taken PHYS 131 – Introduction to Physics: Newtonian Mechanics and Lab , PHYS 144 – Astrophysical Systems: Mechanics and Relativity and Lab, PHYS 145 – Mechanics and Waves and Lab or PHYS 151 – Introduction to Physics: Relativity and Particles and Lab. PHYS 142 and PHYS 143 are equivalent courses, if you have taken one you cannot register for the other.
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PHYS 144 Astrophysical Systems: Mechanics and Relativity and Lab 6 credits
This course begins by reviewing Newtonian mechanics, with applications of vector analysis and the concepts of momentum and energy to large-scale gravitational phenomena in the universe. The course moves beyond the Newtonian framework to consider a relativistic framework where time and space are intertwined and explores the motion of objects whose speeds approach the speed of light. Comfort with algebra and the integration and differentiation of elementary functions is assumed. Weekly laboratory work.
- Winter 2025
- LS, Science with Lab QRE, Quantitative Reasoning
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Student has completed completed any of the following course(s): MATH 120 – Calculus 2 or greater with a grade of C- or better or received a score of 4 or better on the Calculus BC AP exam or equivalent AND has NOT taken PHYS 131 – Introduction to Physics: Newtonian Mechanics and Lab , PHYS 142 – Matter and Interactions and Lab, PHYS 143 – Physical Systems: Mechanics and Relativity and Lab, PHYS 145 – Mechanics and Waves and Lab or PHYS 151 – Introduction to Physics: Relativity and Particles and Lab
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PHYS 145 Mechanics and Waves and Lab 6 credits
This course begins with the study of the motion of objects on the human scale using Newton’s laws. The course provides the foundation for the study of conservation of energy and momentum, waves, and fluids. Biologic, medical, chemical, nuclear, and geologic applications may be considered. Comfort with algebra and the integration and differentiation of elementary functions is assumed. Weekly laboratory work.
- Spring 2025
- LS, Science with Lab QRE, Quantitative Reasoning
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Student has completed completed any of the following course(s): MATH 101 – Calculus with Problem Solving or MATH 111 – Introduction to Calculus or greater with a grade of C- or better or received a score of 4 or better on the Calculus AB AP exam or received a score of 4 or better on the Calculus BC exam or received a score of 5 or better on the Calculus IB exam or equivalent AND has NOT taken PHYS 131 – Introduction to Physics: Newtonian Mechanics and Lab, PHYS 142 – Matter and Interactions and Lab, PHYS 143 – Physical Systems: Mechanics and Relativity and Lab or PHYS 144 – Astrophysical Systems: Mechanics and Relativity and Lab.
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PHYS 151 Introduction to Physics: Relativity and Particles and Lab 3 credits
An introduction to principles of physics in the realm of the very small and very fast. The course provides an introduction to special relativity where time and space are intertwined and explores the motion of objects whose speeds approach the speed of light. Comfort with algebra and the integration and differentiation of elementary functions is assumed. Weekly laboratory work.
2nd 5 weeks
- Fall 2024
- LS, Science with Lab QRE, Quantitative Reasoning
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Student has completed or in the process of completing any of the following course(s): MATH 101 – Calculus with Problem Solving or MATH 111 – Introduction to Calculus or greater or better or received a score of 4 or better on the Calculus AB AP exam or received a score of 4 or better on the Calculus BC AP exam or received a score of 5 or better on the Calculus IB exam or equivalent AND PHYS 131 – Introduction to Physics: Newtonian Mechanics and Lab AND has NOT taken PHYS 142 – Matter and Interactions and Lab or PHYS 143 – Physical Systems: Mechanics and Relativity and Lab or PHYS 144 – Astrophysical Systems: Mechanics and Relativity and Lab.
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PHYS 152 Introduction to Physics: Environmental Physics and Lab 3 credits
An introduction to principles of physics and their application to the environment. Topics include energy and its flows, engines, energy efficiency, energy usage and conservation in vehicles and buildings, the atmosphere, and climate change. Comfort with algebra and the integration and differentiation of elementary functions is assumed. Weekly laboratory work or field trips.
2nd 5 weeks
- Fall 2024
- LS, Science with Lab QRE, Quantitative Reasoning
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Student has completed or is in the process of completing any of the following course(s): MATH 101 – Calculus with Problem Solving or MATH 111 – Introduction to Calculus or greater or received a score of 4 or better on the Calculus AB AP exam or received a score of 4 or better on the Calculus BC AP exam or received a score of 5 or better on the Calculus IB exam AND PHYS 131 – Introduction to Physics: Newtonian Mechanics and Lab OR has completed PHYS 142 – Matter and Interactions and Lab, PHYS 143 – Physical Systems: Mechanics and Relativity and Lab, PHYS 144 – Astrophysical Systems: Mechanics and Relativity and Lab or PHYS 145 – Mechanics and Waves and Lab with grade of C- or better.
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PHYS 165 Introduction to Electricity, Magnetism, and Optics and Lab 6 credits
A study of the principles of electricity, magnetism, and optics with an emphasis on real-world applications to areas such as electronics, medicine, or materials science. Topics include electric and magnetic fields, electric potentials, DC and AC circuits and geometric and wave optics. Designed for science majors who want additional background in physics. Comfort with algebra and the integration and differentiation of elementary functions is assumed. One laboratory per week.
- Winter 2025
- LS, Science with Lab QRE, Quantitative Reasoning
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Student has completed any of the following course(s): PHYS 131 – Introduction to Physics: Newtonian Mechanics and Lab, PHYS 142 – Matter and Interactions and Lab, PHYS 143 – Physical Systems: Mechanics and Relativity and Lab, PHYS 144 – Astrophysical Systems: Mechanics and Relativity and Lab or PHYS 145 – Mechanics and Waves and Lab with a grade of C- or better AND MATH 101 – Calculus and Problem Solving or MATH 111– Introduction to Calculus or greater with a grade of C- or better or received a score of 4 or better on the Calculus AB AP exam or received a score of 4 or better on the Calculus BC AP exam or received a score of 5 or better on the Calculus IB exam or equivalent.
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PHYS 228 Atomic and Nuclear Physics and Lab 6 credits
An introduction to quantum mechanics and select applications that explore physics in the realm of the very small world or atoms and nuclei. Topics include wave-like and particle-like behavior of both light and matter, behavior of particles in confined spaces, material properties of solids, radioactive decay, and experimental techniques and instrumentation for exploring these optical, atomic, and nuclear processes. One laboratory per week.
- Fall 2024
- LS, Science with Lab QRE, Quantitative Reasoning
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Student has completed any of the following course(s): Math 120 – Calculus 2 or greater with a grade of C- or better or received a score of 4 or better on the Calculus BC AP exam or equivalent AND the student has completed any of the following course(s): PHYS 142 – Matter and Interactions and Lab, PHYS 143 – Physical Systems or PHYS 144 Astrophysical Systems or PHYS 151 – Introduction to Physics: Relativity and Particles and Lab with a grade of C- or better.
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PHYS 231 Analytical and Computational Mechanics 6 credits
An analytical and computational treatment of classical mechanics and dynamics. We start from a reconsideration of complicated Newtonian problems and also develop the Lagrangian and Hamiltonian formalism of classical mechanics. A variety of systems, including some whose equations of motion cannot be solved analytically, will be explored. Possible examples include harmonic oscillators, central-force problems, chaotic dynamics, astrophysical systems, and medieval siege engines.
- Winter 2025
- No Exploration QRE, Quantitative Reasoning
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Student has completed any of the following course(s): PHYS 131 – Introduction to Physics, PHYS 142 – Matter and Interactions and Lab, PHYS 143 – Physical Systems: Mechanics and Relativity and Lab or PHYS 144 – Astrophysical Systems: Mechanics and Relativity and Lab with a grade of C- or better AND has completed or in the process of completing MATH 210 – Calculus 3 or MATH 211 – Introduction to Multivariable Calculus or greater with a grade of C- or better or equivalent.
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PHYS 233 Astrophysics II 6 credits
A study of galactic and extragalactic astronomy with an emphasis on the physical principles underlying the observed phenomena. Topics include the structure and dynamics of the Milky Way Galaxy and other galaxies, the interstellar medium, quasars and active galaxies, clusters and superclusters, and cosmology.
- Spring 2025
- No Exploration QRE, Quantitative Reasoning
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Student has completed any of the following course(s): PHYS 228 – Atomic and Nuclear Physics and Lab or PHYS 231 – Analytical and Computational Mechanics with a grade of C- or better or equivalent.
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PHYS 234 Computer Simulations in Complex Physical Systems 6 credits
The development of techniques to study complex physical systems from a probabilistic and numerical standpoint, focused on cellular automata models. Subject material is applicable to all the sciences and mathematics. Some topics considered are random walks, percolation clusters, avalanches, traffic flow, the spread of forest fires and diseases, and a brief introduction to Bayesian statistics. No computer programming skills are assumed.
- Spring 2025
- LS, Science with Lab QRE, Quantitative Reasoning
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Student has completed any of the following course(s): PHYS 131 – Newtonian Mechanics & Lab or PHYS 142 – Matter and Interactions and Lab or PHYS 143 – Physical Systems: Mechanics and Relativity and Lab or PHYS 144 – Astrophysical Systems: Mechanics and Relativity and Lab with grade of C- or better.
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PHYS 235 Electricity and Magnetism and Lab 6 credits
Electric and magnetic fields in free space, and their interactions with charges and currents. Topics include electric fields and magnetic fields of various charge and current distributions, induction, DC and AC circuits and Maxwell’s equations. Weekly laboratory work explores course content in more practical detail.
- Spring 2025
- LS, Science with Lab QRE, Quantitative Reasoning
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Student has completed any of the following course(s): PHYS 165 – Introduction to Electricity, Magnetism, and Optics and Lab or PHYS 228 – Atomic and Nuclear Physics and Lab or PHYS 231 – Analytical and Computational Mechanics AND MATH 210 – Calculus 3 or MATH 211 – Introduction to Multivariable Calculus or greater with grade of C- or better or equivalent.
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PHYS 312 Astronomical Detection and Measurement 6 credits
A study of astronomical detection and measurement across the electromagnetic spectrum, encompassing both the underlying physical principles and their application. Building on a foundation of radiometry, optics, and measurement statistics, this course will explore the design and function of modern electromagnetic measurement systems. Possible topics include high-dispersion spectroscopy, spatial interferometry, and the analysis of sensitivity and noise in electromagnetic detection for coherent and incoherent detectors.
- Winter 2025
- No Exploration QRE, Quantitative Reasoning
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Student has completed any of the following course(s): PHYS 228 – Atomic and Nuclear Physics and Lab with a grade of C- or better or equivalent.
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PHYS 335 Quantum Mechanics 6 credits
An examination of the structure of non-relativistic quantum mechanics and how this theory differs from those of classical physics. Topics include the mathematics of Hilbert space, the postulates of quantum mechanics, the motion of a particle in one dimension (including the free particle and the simple harmonic oscillator), the Heisenberg uncertainty principle, and spin. Multidimensional applications will include the harmonic oscillator, the hydrogen atom. Approximation techniques and applications will be presented.
- Winter 2025
- No Exploration QRE, Quantitative Reasoning
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Student has completed any of the following course(s): PHYS 228 – Atomic and Nuclear Physics & Lab AND PHYS 231 – Analytical & Computational Mechanics AND MATH 134 – Linear Algebra with Applications or MATH 232 – Linear Algebra with a grade of C- or better or equivalent.
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PHYS 341 Waves 6 credits
The analysis of wave phenomena, including normal mode expansions, the wave equation and boundary value problems, and interference, diffraction, dispersion, and polarization. Applications are made to mechanical, sound, water and electromagnetic waves with particular emphasis on both the unifying principles across all wave phenomena, as well as the nuances of particular types of waves.
- Spring 2025
- No Exploration QRE, Quantitative Reasoning
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Student has completed any of the following course(s): PHYS 231 – Analytical & Computational Mechanics AND PHYS 235 – Electricity and Magnetism & Lab AND MATH 134 – Linear Algebra with Applications or MATH 232 – Linear Algebra or Equivalents with a grade of C- or better or equivalent.
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PHYS 342 Contemporary Experimental Physics and Lab 6 credits
A study of experimental techniques and apparatus basic to the measurements which underlie and validate contemporary theories in physics. Topics include electrical measurements, data analysis and statistics, optical and laser techniques, particle detectors, and time coincidence techniques. Applications are made to experiments such as magnetic resonance, Mossbauer and nuclear spectroscopy and laser optics. Class time is devoted to studying the measurement techniques and considering phenomenological models of the effects observed in the laboratory. One laboratory per week.
- Spring 2025
- LS, Science with Lab QRE, Quantitative Reasoning
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Student has completed any of the following course(s): PHYS 228 – Atomic and Nuclear Physics and Lab or Equivalent AND PHYS 235 – Electricity and Magnetism and Lab AND either PHYS 335 – Quantum Mechanics or PHYS 346 – Thermodynamics and Statistical Mechanics with grade of C- or better.
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PHYS 344 Classical and Quantum Optics 6 credits
A junior/senior level course in classical and quantum optics. Includes the phenomena of interference, diffraction and coherence and quantum optical applications, such as unique statistical states of light or the operation of a laser. Modern applications of these areas are studied through such topics as fiber optics telecommunication, optical data storage, or manipulation of atoms by light.
- Fall 2024
- No Exploration QRE, Quantitative Reasoning
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Student has completed any of the following course(s): PHYS 235 – Electricity and Magnetism & Lab AND MATH 134 – Linear Algebra with Applications or MATH 232 – Linear Algebra or Equivalents with a grade of C- or better or equivalent.
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PHYS 345 Advanced Optics 2 credits
This is a laboratory course that will serve as a follow-up to Physics 344, Classical and Quantum Optics. Students will conduct a number of experiments pertaining to optical phenomena. The experiments will display effects pertaining to classical, quantum, and non-linear optics. The lab will take place once a week for four hours each session.
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PHYS 346 Thermodynamics and Statistical Mechanics 6 credits
The fundamentals of classical thermodynamics and statistical mechanics. Topics include the laws of thermodynamics; heat engines and refrigerators; the Maxwell-Boltzmann distribution; the various canonical distributions; the statistical concepts of temperature and entropy; Fermi-Dirac, and Bose-Einstein distributions with applications to black-body radiation, phonons, and electrons in solids; the Ising model; and an introduction to critical phenomena.
- Fall 2024
- No Exploration QRE, Quantitative Reasoning
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Student has completed any of the following course(s): PHYS 228 – Atomic and Nuclear Physics and Lab with a grade of C- or better or equivalent.
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PHYS 347 General Relativity 6 credits
Einstein’s theory of general relativity is developed from basic physical principles. Also presented is the mathematics of curved space time. Astrophysical applications of general relativity, including spherically symmetric objects, black holes, cosmology and the creation and detection of gravitational waves are given.
- Fall 2024
- No Exploration QRE, Quantitative Reasoning
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Student has completed all of the following course(s): PHYS 231 – Analytical and Computational Mechanics and PHYS 235 – Electricity & Magnetism & Lab with grade of C- or better.
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PHYS 352 Advanced Electricity and Magnetism 6 credits
The course introduces techniques for applying electromagnetic theory to charge and current distributions beyond what is covered in prior Electricity and Magnetism courses. Additional topics include applications to Maxwell's equations, radiation, and relativity. Recommended preparation: MATH 341.
MATH 341 is strongly recommended
- Spring 2025
- No Exploration QRE, Quantitative Reasoning
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Student has completed any of the following course(s): PHYS 235 – Electricity & Magnetism & Lab with grade of C- or better.
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POSC 122 Politics in America: Liberty and Equality 6 credits
An introduction to American government and politics. Focus on the Congress, Presidency, political parties and interest groups, the courts and the Constitution. Particular attention will be given to the public policy debates that divide liberals and conservatives and how these divisions are rooted in American political culture.
- Fall 2024, Winter 2025
- IDS, Intercultural Domestic Studies QRE, Quantitative Reasoning SI, Social Inquiry
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POSC 204 Media and Electoral Politics: 2024 United States Election 6 credits
Our analysis of media influences on politics will draw from three fields of study: political psychology, political behavior and participation, and public opinion. Students will conduct a study of the effects of campaign ads and news using our multi-year data set of content analyzed election ads and news. We study a variety of quantitative and qualitative research methods to learn how political communication affects U.S. elections.
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POSC 221 Latin American Politics 6 credits
This course will enable students to think critically and comparatively about the Latin American political and socio-economic reality. The course serves as an introduction for those who are unfamiliar with the contemporary history, politics, and social structures of the region. Instruction in this class, however, will go beyond a mere introduction to Latin American political history. It will challenge students to analyze complex problems in Latin American politics and development and encourage them to provide informed arguments on these matters.
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POSC 224 Political Campaigns & Electoral Behavior 6 credits
Representative government requires the occurrence of regular elections. This course is designed to introduce you to the key issues and controversies surrounding the study of campaigns and elections in the United States. It will analyze the rules and processes that define the presidential and congressional electoral systems, the actors who engage one another within those systems, the campaign strategies candidates use to persuade and turnout voters, and the considerations Americans use to determine their vote on Election day. This course also provides insight into why (and how) campaigns and elections are normatively important for maintaining a healthy democracy.
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POSC 230 Methods of Political Research 6 credits
An introduction to research method, research design, and the analysis of political data. The course is intended to introduce students to the fundamentals of scientific inquiry as they are employed in the discipline. The course will consider the philosophy of scientific research generally, the philosophy of social science research, theory building and theory testing, the components of applied (quantitative and qualitative) research across the major sub-fields of political science, and basic methodological tools. Intended for majors only.
- Fall 2024, Winter 2025, Spring 2025
- QRE, Quantitative Reasoning SI, Social Inquiry WR2 Writing Requirement 2
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Student has completed any of the following course(s): STAT 120 – Introduction to Statistics or STAT 230 – Applied Regression Analysis or STAT 250 – Introduction to Statistical Inference or PSYC 200 – Measurement and Data Analysis or SOAN 239 – Social Statistics with a grade of C- or better or received a score of 4 or better on the Statistics AP exam.
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POSC 232.01 PS Lab: Agent-Based Models 3 credits
Linear modeling using statistical techniques and equilibrium-centered, game-theoretic approaches are standard methods in quantitative social science. However, research into complex systems suggests that dynamic, chaotic and non-linear processes are common in networked, multi-actor systems. Equilibrium may also be difficult to achieve in a world of adaptive or evolutionary agents. How do these concepts apply to our political world? In this class we will explore agent-based models related to political, social and policy questions while student build their own models using the open-source NetLogo language. Prerequisite: POSC 230
- Winter 2025
- QRE, Quantitative Reasoning
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POSC 232.01 PS Lab: Simulation Research 3 credits
Simulations, games and role-play exercises are commonly used as experiential learning tools to help students understand complex problems. They can also be used in a research context to explore processes that are difficult to observe in the field or that involve strategic, adversarial and interactive social choices among multiple actors (such as red team exercises). In this lab we will explore the use of simulation as a tool for social inquiry and policy making and use participant observation approaches to gather data from a large simulation exercise.
- Spring 2025
- No Exploration
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POSC 232.02 PS Lab: Focus Group Analysis 3 credits
Required course for Data Analysis for POSC major, specific section description available each term
- Winter 2025
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POSC 232.02 PS Lab: Interview Techniques 3 credits
This class provides a hands-on introduction to how researchers devise, conduct, and analyze interviews in political science. Students will learn about different types of interview methodologies with a particular focus on semi-structured techniques. Over the course of the class, students will consider the types of questions most appropriately answered by interviews, the fundamentals of different sampling strategies, how to devise questionnaires, and how to use the information collected for both quantitative and qualitative analysis. We will also cover interview ethics, how to employ culturally sensitive techniques, and how to employ interviews in individual, group, and crowd situations.
Expected preparation: completion of one prior course in political science or a related field.
- Fall 2024
- SI, Social Inquiry
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POSC 232.02 PS Lab: Political Research in Spanish 3 credits
Required course for Data Analysis for POSC major, specific section description available each term
- Spring 2025
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POSC 232.03 PS Lab: Hacking the Case Study 3 credits
This course explores the case study method for investigating important political science questions. We will begin by discussing the philosophy of science, causality, theory building and testing; this will provide us with the grounding to think critically about the uses, strengths, and limitations of case study methods. We will then explore the core issues of case study research design, including methods of comparison, case selection, process tracing, and building cases into mixed method studies. We will also explore how various techniques such as interviews, participant observation, and archival research contribute to building case studies.
- Winter 2025
- SI, Social Inquiry
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POSC 245 Geopolitics of Southeast Asia 6 credits
This course will cover key thematic issues of Southeast Asian politics, including the challenges of democracy, geopolitical conflicts with China, politics of borderlands, environmental politics, the rise of the power of non-state actors, and struggles for citizen-sovereignty of the people. We will examine these geopolitical frontier issues against the background of Southeast Asia's societal evolution through kingdoms, colonial eras, emergence of nation-states, and the influence of globalization on politics. Why is Southeast Asia a misunderstood region of the world? What can we learn from Southeast Asian political orders to understand the faith of freedom, self-governance, and democracy?
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POSC 265 Public Policy and Global Capitalism 6 credits
This course provides a comprehensive introduction to comparative and international public policy. It examines major theories and approaches to public policy design and implementation in several major areas: international policy economy (including the study of international trade and monetary policy, financial regulation, and comparative welfare policy), global public health and comparative healthcare policy, institutional development (including democratic governance, accountability systems, and judicial reform), and environmental public policy. Recommended Preparation: STAT 120 is strongly recommended.
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POSC 304 Media and Electoral Politics: 2024 United States Elections 6 credits
Our analysis of media influences on politics will draw from three fields of study: political psychology, political behavior and participation, and public opinion. Students will conduct a study of the effects of campaign ads and news using our multi-year data set of content analyzed election ads and news. We study a variety of quantitative and qualitative research methods to learn how political communication affects U.S. elections. Students enrolled in the POSC 304 version will conduct more extensive analysis of data for their seminar papers.
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POSC 315 Polarization and Democratic Decline in the United States 6 credits
The United States is more politically polarized today than at any time since the late nineteenth century, leaving lawmakers, journalists, and experts increasingly concerned that the toxicity in our politics is making the country vulnerable to political instability, violence, and democratic decline. Moreover, citizens are increasingly willing to call into question the legitimacy of this country’s core electoral and governing institutions. How did the U.S. get to this point? What can be done about it? This course will examine political polarization as a central feature of American politics and the consequences for American democracy.
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POSC 322 Polarization and Populism in Latin America 6 credits
Polarization and populism have shaped Latin American politics and development for much of the region's history. These forces have re-emerged in the post-Cold War period in acute and powerful ways in threatening democracy and systems of accountability. This course will examine these forces and adjacent phenomena such as democratic backsliding, the aggrandizement of presidential powers, socio-economic conflicts, contentious politics, and the continuation of state crises in Latin America. Students will work on their own research projects.
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POSC 328 Foreign Policy Analysis 6 credits
Foreign policy analysis is a distinct sub-field within international relations that focuses on explaining the actions and choices of actors in world politics. After a review of the historical development of the sub-field, we will explore approaches to foreign policy that emphasize the empirical testing of hypotheses that explain how policies and choices are formulated and implemented. The psychological sources of foreign policy decisions (including leaders' beliefs and personalities and the effect of decision-making groups) are a central theme. Completion of a lower level IR course and the stats/methods sequence is recommended preparation.
- Winter 2025
- QRE, Quantitative Reasoning SI, Social Inquiry
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POSC 333 Global Social Changes and Sustainability 6 credits
This course is about the relationship between social changes and ecological changes to understand and to be able to advance analytical concepts, research methods, and theories of society-nature interactions. How do livelihoods of individuals and groups change over time and how do the changes affect ecological sustainability? What are the roles of human institutions in ecological sustainability? What are the roles of ecosystem dynamics in institutional sustainability? Students will learn fundamental theories and concepts that explain linkages between social change and environmental changes and gain methods and skills to measure social changes qualitatively and quantitatively.
Extra Time required.
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PSYC 200 Measurement and Data Analysis in Psychology 6 credits
The course considers the role of measurement and data analysis focused on behavioral sciences. Various forms of measurement and standards for the evaluation of measures are explored. Students learn how to summarize, organize, and evaluate data using a variety of techniques that are applicable to research in psychology and other disciplines. Among the analyses discussed and applied are tests of means, various forms of analysis of variance, correlation and regression, planned and post-hoc comparisons, as well as various non-parametric tests. Research design is also explored.
- Winter 2025, Spring 2025
- FSR, Formal or Statistical Reasoning QRE, Quantitative Reasoning
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Student has completed any of the following course(s): PSYC 110 – Principles of Psychology with a grade of C- OR CGSC/PSYC 232 – Cognitive Processes and CGSC/PSYC 233 – Laboratory Cognitive Processes with a grade of C- or better or received a score of 4 or better on the Psychology AP exam or received a score of 6 or better on the Psychology IB exam.
- PSYC 201
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PSYC 201 Measurement and Data Analysis Lab 2 credits
This lab course accompanies the lecture course, Psychology 200, and must be taken during the same term. The lab will provide an opportunity to explore lecture topics more deeply, and in particular emphasize data collection and computational skills.
PSYC 200 required.
- Winter 2025, Spring 2025
- QRE, Quantitative Reasoning
- PSYC 200
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PSYC 210 Psychology of Learning and Memory 6 credits
A summary of theoretical approaches, historical influences and contemporary research in the area of human and animal learning. The course provides a background in classical, operant, and contemporary conditioning models, and these are applied to issues such as behavioral therapy, drug addiction, decision-making, education, and choice. It is recommended that students enroll concurrently in Psychology 211. A grade of C- or better must be earned in both Psychology 210 and 211 to satisfy the LS requirement.
It is recommended that students enroll concurrently in Psychology 211.
- Winter 2025
- LS, Science with Lab QRE, Quantitative Reasoning WR2 Writing Requirement 2
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Student has completed any of the following course(s): PSYC 110 – Principles of Psychology or equivalent or NEURO 127 – Foundations of Neuroscience with a grade of C- or better or received a score of 4 or better on the Psychology AP exam or received a score of 6 or better on the Psychology IB exam.
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PSYC 211 Laboratory Research Methods in Learning and Memory 2 credits
This course accompanies Psychology 210. Students will replicate classical studies and plan and conduct original empirical research projects in the study of human and animal learning and memory. A grade of C- or better must be earned in both Psychology 210 and 211 to satisfy the LS requirement.
Required concurrent or prior registration in PSYC 210
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PSYC 233 Laboratory in Cognitive Processes 2 credits
Cross-listed courses CGSC 233/PSYC 233. Students will participate in the replication and planning of empirical studies, collecting and analyzing data relevant to major cognitive phenomena. A grade of C- or better must be earned in both CGSC/PSYC 232 and 233 to satisfy the LS requirement.
Requires concurrent registration in PSYC 232 or CGSC 232
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PSYC 235 Psychology of Language Laboratory 2 credits
This laboratory experience will expose students to a variety of methodologies employed by researchers interested in studying language. Throughout the term, students will both participate in experiments and conduct experiments. We will spend time discussing and performing typical analyses. Finally, students will be expected to become proficient in writing their experimental work in APA format and in presenting their research ideas in an oral format. A grade of C- or better must be earned in both Psychology 234 and 235 to satisfy the LS requirement.
Requires concurrent registration in PSYC 234
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PSYC 257 Laboratory Research Methods in Social Behavior and Interpersonal Processes 2 credits
Students will participate in the planning and replication of empirical studies of the social psychology of social behavior. Requires concurrent registration in Psychology 256. A grade of C- or better must be earned in both Psychology 256 and 257 to satisfy the LS requirement.
PSYC 256 required.
- Spring 2025
- LS, Science with Lab QRE, Quantitative Reasoning
- PSYC 256
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PSYC 260 Health Psychology 6 credits
This course will examine how psychological principles can be employed to promote and maintain health, prevent and treat illness, and encourage adherence to disease treatment regimens. Within a biopsychosocial framework, we will analyze behavioral patterns and public policies that influence risk for cardiovascular disease, cancer, chronic pain, substance abuse, and sexually transmitted diseases, among other conditions. Additionally, students in groups will critically examine the effects of local policies on health outcomes and propose policy changes supported by theory and research. A grade of C- or better must be earned in both Psychology 260 and 261 to satisfy the LS requirement.
- Fall 2024
- LS, Science with Lab QRE, Quantitative Reasoning
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Student has completed any of the following course(s): PSYC 110 – Principles of Psychology with a grade of C- or better or received a score of 4 or better on the Psychology AP exam or received a score of 6 or better on the Psychology IB exam.
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PSYC 261 Health Psychology Lab 2 credits
This course provides students with direct experience applying principles of health psychology. Students will engage in a term-long self-directed project aimed at increasing the frequency of a healthy behavior (such as exercising) or decreasing the frequency of an unhealthy behavior (such as smoking). Additionally, we will read and discuss case studies that relate to the current topic in the lecture portion of the course. A grade of C- or better must be earned in both Psychology 260 and 261 to satisfy the LS requirement.
Requires concurrent registration in Psychology 260.
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PSYC 370 Behavioral Neuroimmunology 6 credits
The immune system directly influences the central nervous system and behavior during both health and disease. The course will have an emphasis on animal behavior (e.g., memory and sociability assays) and techniques in neuroimmunology that range from genetic engineering (e.g., CRISPR and DREADD) to immune cell function, detection of surface receptors, and protein expression (e.g., flow cytometry, confocal microscopy, immune cell migration assays, ELISA, and western blot.) The topics that will be covered range from how cytokines influence behavior to effects of gut microbiota in brain function and behavior. This course will primarily use empirical research that will help you develop a deeper understanding of molecular techniques, cell biology, and develop strong analytical skills of biological findings in immunology and its connection with animal behavior.
- Winter 2025
- No Exploration QRE, Quantitative Reasoning WR2 Writing Requirement 2
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Student has completed any of the following course(s): NEUR 127 – Foundations Neuroscience & Lab, PSYC 216 – Behavioral Neuroscience with grade of C- or better.
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RELG 121 Introduction to Christianity 6 credits
This course will trace the history of Christianity from its origins in the villages of Palestine, to its emergence as the official religion of the Roman Empire, and through its evolution and expansion as the world’s largest religion. The course will focus on events, persons, and ideas that have had the greatest impact on the history of Christianity, and examine how this tradition has evolved in different ways in response to different needs, cultures, and tensions–political and otherwise–around the world. This is an introductory course. No familiarity with the Bible, Christianity, or the academic study of religion is presupposed.
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RELG 155 Hinduism: An Introduction 6 credits
Hinduism is the world’s third-largest religion (or, as some prefer, “way of life”), with about 1.2 billion followers. It is also one of its oldest, with roots dating back at least 3500 years. “Hinduism,” however, is a loosely defined, even contested term, designating the wide variety of beliefs and practices of the majority of the people of South Asia. This survey course introduces students to this great variety, including social structures (such as the caste system), rituals and scriptures, mythologies and epics, philosophies, life practices, politics, poetry, sex, gender, Bollywood, and—lest we forget—some 330 million gods and goddesses.
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SOAN 214 Neighborhoods and Cities: Inequalities and Identities 6 credits
Inequalities and identities are well understood yet too often disconnected from the context of space and place. In this class, we discuss the ways that neighborhoods and cities are sites of inequality as well as identity. Neighborhoods are linked to the amount of wealth we hold; the schools we attend; the goods, services, and resources we have access to; and who our neighbors are. Neighborhoods are also spaces where identities and community are created, claimed, and contested. They can also be sites of conflict as they change through gentrification or other processes that often reflect inequalities of power, resources, and status. In this course, special attention will be paid to how race, gender and sexuality, and immigration shape inequalities and identity in neighborhoods and cities. This course will also include an academic civic engagement component, collaborating with local communities in Minnesota. The department strongly recommends that Sociology/Anthropology 110 or 111 be taken prior to enrolling in courses numbered 200 or above.
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SOAN 240 Methods of Social Research 6 credits
When sociologists and anthropologists conduct their research, how do they know which method to choose? What assumptions guide their decision? What challenges might they encounter? And, even more importantly, what are their ethical obligations? In this course we will answer these questions through examining some popular sociological and anthropological research methods (e.g., interviews, surveys, and participant observation). Specific topics include: developing feasible research questions, selecting an appropriate research method, collecting and analyzing qualitative and quantitative data, and writing up research findings. By the end of the course, students will be better equipped to design and conduct a research study.
- Spring 2025
- QRE, Quantitative Reasoning SI, Social Inquiry WR2 Writing Requirement 2
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Student has completed any of the following course(s): SOAN 110 – Introduction to Anthropology or SOAN 111 – Introduction to Sociology with a grade of C- or better AND STAT 120 – Introduction to Statistics or STAT 250 – Introduction to Statistical Inference with a grade of C- or better, or received a score of 4 or better on the Statistics AP exam.
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SOAN 252 Growing up in an Aging Society 6 credits
Both the U.S. and global populations are trending toward a world with far fewer young people than ever before. So, what does it mean to grow up in a rapidly aging society? This course explores age, aging, and its various intersections with demographic characteristics including gender, sexuality, race, and social class. We situate age and aging within the context of macro-structural, institutional, and micro-everyday realms. Some topics we will examine include: media depictions and stereotypes; interpersonal relationships and caregiving; the workplace and retirement; and both the perceptions and inevitable realities of an aging population.
The department strongly recommends that Sociology/Anthropology 110 or 111 be taken prior to enrolling in courses numbered 200 or above
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STAT 120 Introduction to Statistics 6 credits
Introduction to statistics and data analysis. Practical aspects of statistics will be emphasized, including extensive use of programming in the statistical software R, interpretation and communication of results. Topics include: exploratory data analysis, correlation and linear regression, design of experiments, the normal distribution, randomization approach to inference, sampling distributions, estimation, and hypothesis testing. Students who have taken Mathematics 211 are encouraged to consider the more advanced Mathematics 240/Statistics 250 Probability/Statistical Inference sequence.
Not open to students who have already received credit for Psychology 200/201, Sociology/Anthropology 239 or Statistics 250
- Fall 2024, Winter 2025, Spring 2025
- FSR, Formal or Statistical Reasoning QRE, Quantitative Reasoning
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Not open to students that have taken PSYC 200 – Measurement and Data Analysis in Psychology, PSYC 201 – Measurement and Data Analysis Lab , SOAN 239 – Social Statistics or STAT 250 – Introduction to Statistical Inference.
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STAT 220 Introduction to Data Science 6 credits
This course will cover the computational side of data analysis, including data acquisition, management, and visualization tools. Topics may include: data scraping, data wrangling, data visualization using packages such as ggplots, interactive graphics using tools such as Shiny, an introduction to classification methods, and understanding and visualizing spatial data. We will use the statistics software R in this course.
- Fall 2024, Winter 2025, Spring 2025
- FSR, Formal or Statistical Reasoning QRE, Quantitative Reasoning
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Student has completed any of the following course(s): STAT 120 – Introduction to Statistics or STAT 230 – Applied Regression Analysis, or STAT 250 – Introduction to Statistical Inference with a grade of C- or better.
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STAT 230 Applied Regression Analysis 6 credits
A second course in statistics covering simple linear regression, multiple regression and ANOVA, and logistic regression. Exploratory graphical methods, model building and model checking techniques will be emphasized with extensive use of statistical software R to analyze real-life data.
- Fall 2024, Winter 2025, Spring 2025
- FSR, Formal or Statistical Reasoning QRE, Quantitative Reasoning
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Student has completed any of the following course(s): STAT 120 – Introduction to Statistics or STAT 250 – Introduction to Statistical Inference or PSYC 200 – Measurement & Data Analysis or SOAN 239 – Social Statistics with a grade of C- or better or received a score of 4 or better on the Statistics AP exam.
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STAT 250 Introduction to Statistical Inference 6 credits
Introduction to modern mathematical statistics. The mathematics underlying fundamental statistical concepts will be covered as well as applications of these ideas to real-life data. Topics include: resampling methods (permutation tests, bootstrap intervals), classical methods (parametric hypothesis tests and confidence intervals), parameter estimation, goodness-of-fit tests, regression, and Bayesian methods. The statistical package R will be used to analyze data sets.
- Winter 2025, Spring 2025
- FSR, Formal or Statistical Reasoning QRE, Quantitative Reasoning
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Student has completed any of the following course(s): MATH 240 – Probability with a grade of C- or better.
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STAT 270 Statistical Learning 6 credits
Statistical learning (sometimes called statistical machine learning) centers on the discovery of structural patterns and making predictions using complex data sets. This course explores supervised and unsupervised statistical learning methods, and the ethical considerations of their use. Topics may include nonparametric regression, classification, cross validation, linear model selection techniques and regularization, and clustering. Students will implement these concepts using open-source computational tools, such as the R language.
Not open to students who have received credit for CS 320
- Fall 2024
- FSR, Formal or Statistical Reasoning QRE, Quantitative Reasoning
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Student has completed any of the following course(s): STAT 230 Applied Regression Analysis with a grade of C- or better and has NOT taken CS 320 – Machine Learning
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STAT 285 Statistical Consulting 2 credits
Students will apply their statistical knowledge by analyzing data problems solicited from the Northfield community. Students will also learn basic consulting skills, including communication and ethics.
All interested students are encouraged to add to the waitlist and the instructor will reach out after registration. This course is repeatable, but if the instructor cannot admit every student on the waitlist, priority will be given first to Statistics majors who have not previously taken the course and then to other students who have not taken the course.
- Fall 2024, Winter 2025, Spring 2025
- FSR, Formal or Statistical Reasoning QRE, Quantitative Reasoning
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Student has completed the following course(s): STAT 230 – Applied Regression Analysis with a grade of C- or better.
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STAT 320 Time Series Analysis 6 credits
Models and methods for characterizing dependence in data that are ordered in time. Emphasis on univariate, quantitative data observed over evenly spaced intervals. Topics include perspectives from both the time domain (e.g., autoregressive and moving average models, and their extensions) and the frequency domain (e.g., periodogram smoothing and parametric models for the spectral density). Exposure to matrix algebra may be helpful but is not required.
- Spring 2025
- FSR, Formal or Statistical Reasoning QRE, Quantitative Reasoning
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Student has completed any of the following course(s): STAT 230 – Applied Regression Analysis and STAT 250 – Introduction to Statistical Inference with a grade of C- or better.
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STAT 330 Advanced Statistical Modeling 6 credits
Topics include linear mixed effects models for repeated measures, longitudinal or hierarchical data and generalized linear models (of which logistic and Poisson regression are special cases) including zero-inflated Poisson models. Depending on time, additional topics could include survival analysis or generalized additive models.
- Winter 2025
- FSR, Formal or Statistical Reasoning QRE, Quantitative Reasoning
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Student has completed any of the following course(s): STAT 230 – Applied Regression Analysis and STAT 250 – Introduction to Statistical Inference with a grade of C- or better and has completed or is in the process of completing MATH 134 – Linear Algebra with Practical Applications or MATH 232 – Linear Algebra with a grade of C- or better or equivalents.