Growing up to 50 feet tall and tolerant in many conditions, Amur trees are formidable enemies to local species such as oaks. On forest floors, an Amur tree can outcompete local species by changing soil chemistry and suppressing the growth of new canopy trees. Amur trees also harm animals: the sugar-filled berries of the Amur trees have less nutrition than the nuts of Oaks and Hickory trees. In forests with large numbers of Amur tree, the populations of nut-reliant animals such as grouse, woodpeckers, and foxes have suffered. Although the Amur tree has recently been prohibited in Wisconsin, demand for Amur trees is actually increasing because of its tolerance of urban areas.
Identification
Amur trees can grow up to 50 feet tall but are normally closer to 35 feet. The bark of Amur trees feels spongy and reveals a bright yellow inner bark when cut. In June or July, the female trees produce clusters of tiny green fruit that turn black in autumn and give off a strong smell when crushed. Each female tree can produce thousands of seeds. On both sexes of tree, the leaves can produce a citrus-like smell when crushed. For more information about identifying an Amur tree, visit the Wisconsin Invasive species page by the Wisconsin DNR.
Removal and Disposal
Amur seeds can remain in the in the soil for several years, so eradicating Amur trees can be difficult. However, there are several ways of killing Amur trees. Trees should be identified and marked in autumn when the trees are easiest to identify. Seedlings can be pulled out with a pair of gloves but older trees must be cut, girdled, and/or sprayed with herbicide. The herbicide should be used in winter or fall.
Replacement
Need a replacement tree? Learn more about Pagoda Dogwood Trees.
Looking for an easy and equally showy replacement? Learn more about Highbush Cranberries.
Another plant that would do well anywhere an Amur tree was is a Nannyberry plant.