BIOLOGY 344 PLANT DEVELOPMENT
(Or, How to Build a Plant)
Spring 1999
READINGS:
Text: Molecular Genetics of Plant Development by Stephen H. Howell. Articles: This course is based on the primary literature in plant developmental biology with background information provided by our text. Journal articles required for the course are on reserve in the Main Library, or will be provided in class or as PDF files on Fabio. However, you may find it useful to use the original, bound articles on the shelves for some of the figures. Many of the Plant Cell and Development articles have color illustrations, and photomicrographs in other papers do not photocopy well.
It is important that you read the assigned materials before coming to class!
OFFICE HOURS: Monday 1-2 PM and by appointment. Office - Hulings 308, Phone - x4391 or 645-6729,
e-mail - ssinger@carleton.edu
You are STRONGLY encouraged to meet with me before giving your presentation!
DATE TOPIC / REQUIRED READING
3/30 Introduction to plant development
Singer, S.R. 1997 Plant life cycles and angiosperm development. In S. Gilbert (ed.) Embryogenesis: Constructing an Organisms, Sinauer, pp. 493-513. (This is available on Fabio) Howell: pp. xvii-xvii (gene nomenclature, will be useful for rest of term) and Chapter 1
4/1 Embryogenesis
Howell — Chapter 3 Schwartz, B.W., et al. (1994) Disruption of morphogenesis and transformation of the suspensor in abnormal suspensor mutants of Arabidopsis. Development 120: 3235-3245(available on Fabio)
Wheeler 1999 Engineered to die. Star Tribune, March 21, p.A27 (available in class 3/30)
(see http://www.biotechknowledge.com for Monsanto’s perspective and search using the word terminator)
4/6 Student presentations
West et al. (1994) LEAFY COTYLEDON1 is an essential regulator of late embryogenesis and cotyledon identity in Arabidopsis. Plant Cell 6: 1731-1745 Presenter: Melissa Carlson
Facilitator: Kristen Mueller
Yadegari, et al. (1994) Cell differentiation and morphogenesis are uncoupled in Arabidopsis raspberry embryos. Plant Cell 6: 1713-1729
Presenter: Allison Holzer
Facilitator: Susan Letcher
4/9 Role of Cell Lineage in Plant Development
Scott Poethig from the University of Pennsylvania will be our guest today. Scott is an expert on both clonal analysis and heterochrony. Please plan to attend Scott’s seminar on Friday afternoon at 3:30 in Olin 141. Howell — Chapter 2
Poethig, R.S. (1987) Clonal analysis of cell lineage patterns in plant development. Amer. J. Bot. 74: 581-594
Irish, V.F. (1993) Cell fate determination in plant development. Seminars in Developmental Biology 4: 73-81
4/13 Student presentations
McDaniel, C.N., R.S. Poethig (1988) Cell-lineage patterns in the shoot apical meristem of the germinating maize embryo. Planta 175: 13-22 Presenter: Nathan Stewart
Facilitator: Jalean Plotz
Tian, H., M. Marcotrigiano (1994) Cell-layer interactions influence the number and position of lateral shoot meristems in Nicotiana. Devel. Biol. 162: 579-589
Presenter: Mike Mullins
Facilitator: Sarah Cramer
4/15 Root and Shoot Meristems
Howell — Chapter 5 through p. 120, chapter 12 Kerstetter, R.A., S. Hake (1997) Shoot meristem formation in vegetative development. Plant Cell 9: 1001-1010
Schiefelbein, J.W., J.D. Masucci, H. Wang (1997) Building a root: The control of patterning and morphogenesis during root development. Plant Cell 9: 1089-1098
4/20 Student presentations
Laskowski, M.J., M.E. Williams, H.C. Nusbaum, I.M. Sussex (1995) Formation of lateral root meristems is a two-stage process. Development 121: 3303-3310 (on Fabio) Presenter: Alison Anastasio
Facilitator: Thomas Sebby
Barton, M.K., R.S. Poethig (1993) Formation of the shoot apical meristem in Arabidopsis thaliana: an analysis of development in the wild type and in the shoot meristemless mutant. Development 119: 823-831 (on Fabio)
Presenter: Jenny Carpenter
Facilitator: Juliane Shibata
4/23 Leaf Initiation and Phyllotaxis
Howell — pp. 121-129, Chapter 6
4/27 Leaf Morphogenesis
Poethig, R.S. (1997) Leaf morphogenesis in flowering plants. Plant Cell 9: 1077-1087 Gould, K.S., E.G. Cutter, J.P.W. Young (1986) Morphogenesis of the compound leaf in three genotypes of the pea, Pisum sativum. Can. J. Bot. 64: 1268-1276
4/29 Student presentations
Villani, P.J., D.A. DeMason 1997 Roles of the AF and TL genes in pea leaf morphogenesis: characterization of the double mutant (AFAFTLTL) Amer. J. Bot. 84:1323-1336 Presenter: Susan Singer
Facilitator: Class
Julie M.I. Hofer and T.H. Noel Ellis (1998) The genetic control of patterning in pea leaves. Trends in Plant Science3:439-444 (available on Fabio)
Presenter: Jalean Plotz
Facilitator: Melissa Carlson
5/4 Student presentations:
Szymanski, D.B., R.A. Jilk, S.M. Pollock, M.D. Marks (1998) Control of GL2 expression in Arabidopsis leaves and trichomes. Development 125: 1161-1171 Presenter: Aislinn Black
Facilitator: Alison Anastasio
Larkin, J.C., M.D. Marks, J. Nadeau, F. Sack (1997) Epidermal cell fate and patterning in leaves. Plant Cell 9: 1109-1120
Presenter: Juliane Shibata
Facilitator: Jenny Carpenter
5/6 Competence and Determination in Flowering
Howell — pp. 129-132 and Chapter 7 Telfer, A., R.S. Poethig (1998) HASTY: a gene that regulates the timing of shoot maturation in Arabidopsis thaliana. Development 125: 1889-1898
5/11 Student presentations
Singer, S.R., C.H. Hannon, S.C. Huber (1992) Acquisition of competence for floral development in Nicotiana buds. Planta 188: 546-550 Presenter: Susan Letcher
Facilitator: Mike Mullins
Blazquez, M.A., L.N. Soowal, I. Lee, D. Weigel (1997) LEAFY expression and flower initiation in Arabidopsis. Development 124: 3835-3844 (on Fabio)
Presenter: Jen Melmed
Facilitator: Nathan Stewart
5/13 Flowering - Photoperiodicity and Leaf Signals
Skim chapter 4 in Howell for general information on light regulation of development (not specific to flowering) Reid, J.B., I.C. Murfet, S.R. Singer, J.L. Weller, S.A. Taylor (1996) Physiological genetics of flowering in Pisum. Seminars in Cell and Developmental Biology 7: 455-463
Ma, H. (1997) The on and off of floral regulatory genes. Cell 89: 821-824
5/18 Student presentations
Putterill, J., F. Robson, K. Lee, R. Simon, G. Coupland (1995) The CONSTANS gene of Arabdidopsis promotes flowering and encodes a protein showing similarities to zinc finger transcription factors. Cell 80: 847-857 Presenter: Susan Singer
Facilitator: Class
Simon, R., M.I. Igeno, G. Coupland (1996) Activation of floral meristem identity genes in Arabidopsis. Nature 384: 59-62
Presenter: Thomas Sebby
Facilitator: Aislin Black
5/20 Making Flowers
Howell — Chapter 8
5/25 Student presentations
Hill, T.A., C.D. Day, S.C. Zondlo, A.G. Thackeray, V.F. Irish (1998) Discrete spatial and temporal cis-acting elements regulate transcription of the Arabidopsis floral homeotic gene APETALA3. Development 125: 1711-1721 Presenter: Kristen Mueller
Facilitator: Jen Melmed
Tilly, J.J., D.W. Allen, T. Jack (1998) The CarG boxes in the promoter of the Arabidopsis floral organ identity gene APETALA3 mediate diverse regulatory effects. Development 125: 1647-1657
Presenter: Susan Singer
Facilitator: Class
5/27 Evolution of Inflorescences and Flowers
Coen, E.S., J.M. Nugent (1994) Evolution of flowers and inflorescences. Development supplement, 107-116 (on Fabio) Luo, Da, R. Carpenter, C. Vincent, L. Copsey, E. Coen (1996) Origin of floral asymmetry in Antirrhinum. Nature 383: 794-799
Donoghue, M.J., R.H. Ree, D.A. Baum (1998) Phylogeny and the evolution of flower symmetry in the Asteridae. Trends in Plant Science. 3: 311-317 (available on Fabio)
6/1 Student presentations
Bradley, D., O. Ratcliffe, C. Vincent, R. Carpenter, E. Coen (1997) Inflorescence commitment and architecture in Arabidopsis. Science 275: 80-83 Presenter: Susan Singer
Facilitator: Class
Ratcliffe, O.J., I. Amaya, C.A. Vincent, S. Rothstein, R. Carpenter, E.S. Coen, D.J. Bradley (1998) A common mechanism controls the life cycle and architecture of plants. Development 125: 1609-1615
Presenter: Sarah Cramer
Facilitator: Allison Holzer
PLANT DEVELOPMENT
GRADING POLICY
ASSIGNMENT % FINAL GRADE
Presentation 30
Discussion Facilitator 15
Class Participation* 15
Midterm (take-home) - due Thurs. May 6 20 in class (will be handed out Thurs. April 29 in class)
Final (take-home) — due Tues. June 8 by 20
8:30 AM in my office (will
be handed out Tues. June 1
in class)
* We’ll talk about what class participation involves the first day. Showing up is half the battle. The second component is asking questions you are genuinely curious about or proposing an idea or model that you’ve come up with (even if you’re not very confident in its validity). Participation points are not based on the number of words you utter per class, but rather a willingness to engage in the discussion (this includes saying "you lost me 5 minutes ago!). As Arthur Hays Saltzberger (NY Times publisher from 1935-1961) so aptly put it, "I believe in an open mind, but not so open that your brains fall out."